GATE CS 2026 Set 1 — Question 34
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Programming & Data Structures → C Programming → Control Flow
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Question
Consider the following program in C:The output of the program is _________. (answer in integer)Note: Assume that the program compiles and runs successfully.
#include <stdio.h>
void func(int i, int j) {
if(i < j) {
int i = 0;
while (i < 10) {
j += 2;
i++;
}
}
printf("%d", i);
}
int main() {
int i = 9, j = 10;
func(i, j);
return 0;
}
Correct answer
9 to 9
Solution
1.In the
main function, the variables and are initialized to 9 and 10, respectively. These values are passed to the function func(i, j).2.Inside
func(int i, int j), the parameters and are local to the function and receive the values 9 and 10.3.The condition
if(i < j) (i.e., ) evaluates to true.4.Inside the
if block, a new local variable int i = 0 is declared. This variable shadows the parameter within the scope of the if block.5.The
while loop increments this shadowed local variable from 0 to 10. The parameter is also updated within this loop, but since it is passed by value, it does not affect the caller's .6.Once the
if block is exited, the shadowed variable goes out of scope and is destroyed.7.The
printf("%d", i) statement is located outside the if block but inside the function func. It refers to the parameter , which was never modified and still holds its original value of 9.8.Therefore, the program prints 9.
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