GATE EC 2026 Set 1 — Question 28
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Electromagnetics → Plane Waves → Propagation in Lossless & Lossy Media
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Question
Which option(s) represents/ represent the dielectric loss tangent of a substrate?
Correct answer
(A) Ratio of the real to imaginary parts of the total displacement current; (B) (ω ε'' + σ) / (ω ε')
Solution
The loss tangent is defined as the ratio of the lossy (conductive/dissipative) component of the current to the lossless (reactive) component.
1.Total Current Density: .
2.Loss Tangent: . This matches option (B).
3.Displacement Current: . The real part is and the imaginary part is . Their ratio is , which is the dielectric loss tangent. Thus, option (A) is also a valid representation of the dielectric component of the loss.
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