GATE CE 2014 Set 1 — Question 58
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Environmental Engineering → Water Quality → pH, Turbidity, Hardness & Alkalinity
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Question
For a sample of water with the ionic composition shown in the figure below, the carbonate and non-carbonate hardness concentrations (in mg/l as ), respectively are:
Correct answer
(B) 175 and 75
Solution
From the ionic composition bar chart:
meq/l.
- Cations (meq/l): , , .
- Anions (meq/l): , .
meq/l.
2.Total Alkalinity (TA) is represented by the bicarbonate concentration:
meq/l.3.Carbonate Hardness (CH) is the minimum of Total Hardness and Total Alkalinity:
meq/l.4.Non-Carbonate Hardness (NCH) is the difference:
meq/l.Convert meq/l to mg/l as (Equivalent weight of mg/meq):- mg/l.
- mg/l.
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