GATE CE 2022 Set 1 — Question 27
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Environmental Engineering → Drinking Water Treatment → Filtration
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Question
Which of the following process(es) can be used for conversion of salt water into fresh water?
Correct answer
(B) Electrodialysis; (D) Reverse osmosis
Solution
Desalination is the process of removing dissolved salts from water to produce fresh water.
1.Reverse Osmosis (RO): Uses a semi-permeable membrane and high pressure to separate dissolved salts from water. It is the most common desalination technology.
2.Electrodialysis: Uses an electric potential to move salt ions through ion-selective membranes, leaving fresh water behind.
3.Microfiltration and Ultrafiltration: These are membrane filtration processes used to remove suspended solids, bacteria, and some viruses based on size exclusion. Their pore sizes are too large to remove dissolved salt ions (, , etc.).
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