GATE CS 2018 Set 1 — Question 35
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Computer Networks → Transport Layer → TCP Segment Format
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Question
Q.25 Consider a long-lived TCP session with an end-to-end bandwidth of 1 Gbps ( bits-per-second). The session starts with a sequence number of 1234. The minimum time (in seconds, rounded to the closest integer) before this sequence number can be used again is _______.
Correct answer
34 to 35
Solution
Step 1: Identify the total number of unique TCP sequence numbers. TCP uses a 32-bit sequence number field, so there are unique sequence numbers.Step 2: Determine the rate at which sequence numbers are consumed. In TCP, the sequence number increments by 1 for every byte of data sent. The bandwidth is given as 1 Gbps ( bits per second).Step 3: Convert the bandwidth from bits per second to bytes per second:Step 4: Calculate the wrap-around time (), which is the time taken to consume all sequence numbers:Step 5: Perform the numerical calculation:Step 6: Round the result to the closest integer as requested in the question:The starting sequence number (1234) is a distractor and does not affect the wrap-around time. The official answer range is 34 to 35.
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