GATE ME 2021 Set 2 — Question 59
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Turbomachinery → Hydraulic Turbines & Pumps → Pelton, Francis & Kaplan
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Question
A vertical shaft Francis turbine rotates at 300 rpm. The available head at the inlet to the turbine is 200 m. The tip speed of the rotor is 40 m/s. Water leaves the runner of the turbine without whirl. Velocity at the exit of the draft tube is 3.5 m/s. The head losses in different components of the turbine are: (i) stator and guide vanes: 5.0 m, (ii) rotor: 10 m, and (iii) draft tube: 2 m. Flow rate through the turbine is 20 m³/s. Take m/s². The hydraulic efficiency of the turbine is _______ % (round off to one decimal place).
Correct answer
90 to 92
Solution
The hydraulic efficiency of a turbine is given by:where is the available head and is the total head loss.The total head loss includes losses in the stator, rotor, draft tube, and the kinetic energy loss at the exit:Now, calculate the hydraulic efficiency:Rounding off to one decimal place, we get 91.2%.
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