GATE CE 2014 Set 1 — Question 60

NAT+2 / -0HardTraffic Load & ESALPavement DesignTransportation Engineering

Transportation Engineering → Pavement Design → Traffic Load & ESAL

Last updated 5 September 2026

Question

A traffic survey conducted on a road yields an average daily traffic count of 5000 vehicles. The axle load distribution on the same road is given in the following table: Axle load (tonnes) Frequency of traffic (%) 181014201035815620 The design period of the road is 15 years, the yearly traffic growth rate is 7.5% and the load safety factor (LSF) is 1.3. If the vehicle damage factor (VDF) is calculated from the above data, the design traffic (in million standard axle load, MSA) is____________

VDF = \sum \left( \frac{L_i}{L_s} \right)^4 \times p_i

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VDF = \sum \left( \frac{L_i}{L_s} \right)^4 \times p_i

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