GATE CE 2024 Set 1 — Question 56
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Water Resources Engineering → Hydrographs & Groundwater → Unit Hydrographs
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Question
The ordinates of a 1-hour unit hydrograph (UH) are given below.
These ordinates are used to derive a 3-hour UH. The peak discharge (in ) for the derived 3-hour UH is _____________ (rounded off to the nearest integer).
| Time (hours) | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ordinates of 1-hour UH () | 0 | 13 | 50 | 80 | 95 | 85 |
| Time (hours) | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ordinates of 1-hour UH () | 55 | 35 | 15 | 10 | 3 | 0 |
Correct answer
86 to 88
Solution
To derive a 3-hour unit hydrograph (UH) from a 1-hour UH, we use the principle of superposition. A 3-hour UH is the average of three 1-hour UHs, each lagged by 1 hour.Let be the ordinates of the 1-hour UH. The ordinates of the 3-hour UH, , are calculated as:Let's calculate the sum for each time step:
The peak value of the sum is at .The peak discharge of the 3-hour UH is:Rounding to the nearest integer, the peak discharge is .
| Time (h) | Sum | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0 | 0 | - | - | 0 |
| 1 | 13 | 0 | - | 13 |
| 2 | 50 | 13 | 0 | 63 |
| 3 | 80 | 50 | 13 | 143 |
| 4 | 95 | 80 | 50 | 225 |
| 5 | 85 | 95 | 80 | 260 |
| 6 | 55 | 85 | 95 | 235 |
| 7 | 35 | 55 | 85 | 175 |
| 8 | 15 | 35 | 55 | 105 |
| 9 | 10 | 15 | 35 | 60 |
| 10 | 3 | 10 | 15 | 28 |
| 11 | 0 | 3 | 10 | 13 |
| 12 | 0 | 0 | 3 | 3 |
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