GATE CE 2026 Set 1 — Question 23
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Water Resources Engineering → Hydraulic Jump & Varied Flow → Classification of GVF Profiles
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Question
Gradually Varied Flow (GVF) profiles in open channels given in Column 1 are to be matched with the water surface slopes in Column 2 in the table below.
Which of the following options is/are NOT correct?
| Column 1 | Column 2 |
|---|---|
| GVF Profile | Water Surface Slope |
| (P) M1 | (I) Positive |
| (Q) M2 | (II) Negative |
| (R) M3 | (III) Zero |
Correct answer
(B) (P) – (I); (Q) – (II); (R) – (III); (C) (P) – (II); (Q) – (I); (R) – (I); (D) (P) – (I); (Q) – (III); (R) – (II)
Solution
The water surface slope for GVF is given by .
For M profiles, .
Option (A) represents the correct matching. Therefore, options (B), (C), and (D) are NOT correct.
For M profiles, .
- M1 profile: . Both numerator and denominator are positive, so (Positive). Match: (P)-(I).
- M2 profile: . Numerator is negative, denominator is positive, so (Negative). Match: (Q)-(II).
- M3 profile: . Both numerator and denominator are negative, so (Positive). Match: (R)-(I).
Option (A) represents the correct matching. Therefore, options (B), (C), and (D) are NOT correct.
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