GATE CE 2024 Set 1 — Question 64
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Transportation Engineering → Pavement Design → Traffic Load & ESAL
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Question
The following data is obtained from an axle load survey at a site:Average rear axle load =
Number of commercial vehicles = The pavement at this site would be reconstructed over a period of from the date of survey. The design life of the reconstructed pavement is . Use the standard axle load as and the annual average vehicle growth rate as . Assume that Equivalent Wheel Load Factor (EWLF) and Vehicle Damage Factor (VDF) are equal.The cumulative standard axle (in msa) for the pavement design is ________________ (rounded off to decimal places).
Number of commercial vehicles = The pavement at this site would be reconstructed over a period of from the date of survey. The design life of the reconstructed pavement is . Use the standard axle load as and the annual average vehicle growth rate as . Assume that Equivalent Wheel Load Factor (EWLF) and Vehicle Damage Factor (VDF) are equal.The cumulative standard axle (in msa) for the pavement design is ________________ (rounded off to decimal places).
Correct answer
40.6 to 40.9
Solution
To calculate the cumulative standard axle () in million standard axles (msa), we follow these steps:1. Identify the given parameters:
Since EWLF and VDF are assumed equal and only one axle load is provided:3. Calculate the cumulative standard axles ():
Based on the official answer key, the cumulative traffic is calculated for the entire -year period from the survey date:4. Convert to million standard axles (msa):Rounding to two decimal places, we get .
- Initial traffic () =
- Annual growth rate () =
- Reconstruction period () =
- Design life () =
- Total period from survey to end of design life () =
- Average rear axle load () =
- Standard axle load () =
Since EWLF and VDF are assumed equal and only one axle load is provided:3. Calculate the cumulative standard axles ():
Based on the official answer key, the cumulative traffic is calculated for the entire -year period from the survey date:4. Convert to million standard axles (msa):Rounding to two decimal places, we get .
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