GATE CE 2026 Set 2 — Question 14
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Structural Engineering → RC Fundamentals & Beams → Singly Reinforced Beams
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Question
A rectangular singly reinforced concrete beam has a width of 300 mm and an effective depth of 550 mm. The grades of steel and concrete are Fe500 and M25, respectively. The area of steel in tension is 1963 mm. The depth of neutral axis is 302 mm. The ratio of the limiting depth of the neutral axis () to the effective depth () of the beam is 0.456.
The most probable mode of failure of the beam is
The most probable mode of failure of the beam is
Correct answer
(A) compression failure
Solution
Given:
Effective depth, mm
Actual depth of neutral axis, mm
Limiting depth ratio,
Calculating limiting depth of neutral axis:
mm
Comparing and :
Since , the section is over-reinforced.
In an over-reinforced section, the concrete reaches its ultimate strain before the steel yields, leading to a sudden and brittle compression failure.
Effective depth, mm
Actual depth of neutral axis, mm
Limiting depth ratio,
Calculating limiting depth of neutral axis:
mm
Comparing and :
Since , the section is over-reinforced.
In an over-reinforced section, the concrete reaches its ultimate strain before the steel yields, leading to a sudden and brittle compression failure.
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