GATE CE 2026 Set 2 — Question 43

MSQ+2 / -0MediumFlood RoutingHydrographs & GroundwaterWater Resources Engineering

Water Resources Engineering → Hydrographs & Groundwater → Flood Routing

Last updated 5 September 2026

Question

Types of flood routing and methods are given in the table below. Column 1 Type of Flood Routing Column 2 Method (P) Hydrologic routing (i) Muskingum method (Q) Hydraulic routing (ii) Modified Pul’s method (R) Reservoir routing (iii) Method of Characteristics (S) Channel routing Option(s) giving the CORRECT match(es) between Column 1 and Column 2 is/are:

Column 1 Type of Flood Routing	Column 2 Method
(P) Hydrologic routing	(i) Muskingum method
(Q) Hydraulic routing	(ii) Modified Pul’s method
(R) Reservoir routing	(iii) Method of Characteristics
(S) Channel routing

Correct answer (A) (P) - (i); (Q) - (iii); (R) - (ii); (C) (P) - (i); (R) - (ii); (S) - (i); (D) (P) - (ii); (Q) - (iii); (R) - (ii) Solution Flood routing methods are classified into hydrologic and hydraulic routing: 1. Hydrologic Routing (P): Uses the continuity equation and a storage-discharge relationship. It includes: Muskingum method (i): Used for channel routing (S). Modified Pul’s method (ii): Used for reservoir routing (R). 2. Hydraulic Routing (Q): Uses both continuity and momentum equations (St. Venant equations). A common solution technique is the Method of Characteristics (iii) . Evaluating the options: (A) matches P to i, Q to iii, and R to ii. All are correct. (C) matches P to i, R to ii, and S to i. All are correct. (D) matches P to ii, Q to iii, and R to ii. All are correct. (B) is incorrect because Muskingum (i) is not hydraulic, and Characteristics (iii) is not reservoir routing. Turn this into a strength. Explore AI-powered practice and doubt support with Success Tracker.

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Correct answer (A) (P) - (i); (Q) - (iii); (R) - (ii); (C) (P) - (i); (R) - (ii); (S) - (i); (D) (P) - (ii); (Q) - (iii); (R) - (ii) Solution Flood routing methods are classified into hydrologic and hydraulic routing: 1. Hydrologic Routing (P): Uses the continuity equation and a storage-discharge relationship. It includes: Muskingum method (i): Used for channel routing (S). Modified Pul’s method (ii): Used for reservoir routing (R). 2. Hydraulic Routing (Q): Uses both continuity and momentum equations (St. Venant equations). A common solution technique is the Method of Characteristics (iii) . Evaluating the options: (A) matches P to i, Q to iii, and R to ii. All are correct. (C) matches P to i, R to ii, and S to i. All are correct. (D) matches P to ii, Q to iii, and R to ii. All are correct. (B) is incorrect because Muskingum (i) is not hydraulic, and Characteristics (iii) is not reservoir routing.

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