GATE CE 2022 Set 2 — Question 18
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Geotechnical Engineering → Shear Strength of Soils → Mohr's Circle
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Question
Stresses acting on an infinitesimal soil element are shown in the figure (with ). The major and minor principal stresses are and , respectively. Considering the compressive stresses as positive, which one of the following expressions correctly represents the angle between the major principal stress plane and the horizontal plane?

Correct answer
(A) tan⁻¹ (τ_(zx)σ₁ - σₓ)
Solution
The angle of the major principal plane with the plane on which acts (the vertical plane) is given by:Since the question asks for the angle between the major principal stress plane and the horizontal plane (the plane on which acts), we use the stress transformation relationship. For a plane at an angle with the vertical, the normal stress is . The relationship correctly identifies the orientation of the principal plane relative to the coordinate axes. Thus, the expression is .
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