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GATE CE 2022 Set 2

All 65 solved GATE CE 2022 Set 2 questions in exam order. Open a question, commit to an answer, and learn from the step-by-step solution. One question at a time.

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Questions

65

Paper marks

100

Question formats

3

MCQ · NAT · MSQ

Revision mode

Self-paced

No timer. Focus on understanding.

Difficulty mixEasy 22Medium 39Hard 4

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65 of 65 questions

General Aptitude (GA)

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    Question

    The movie was funny and I _________.
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    Question

    x:y:z=12:13:14x : y : z = \frac{1}{2} : \frac{1}{3} : \frac{1}{4}.
    What is the value of x+z−yy\frac{x+z-y}{y} ?
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    Question

    Both the numerator and the denominator of 34\frac{3}{4} are increased by a positive integer, xx, and those of 1517\frac{15}{17} are decreased by the same integer. This operation results in the same value for both the fractions.
    What is the value of xx?
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    Question

    A survey of 450 students about their subjects of interest resulted in the following outcome.
    • 150 students are interested in Mathematics.
    • 200 students are interested in Physics.
    • 175 students are interested in Chemistry.
    • 50 students are interested in Mathematics and Physics.
    • 60 students are interested in Physics and Chemistry.
    • 40 students are interested in Mathematics and Chemistry.
    • 30 students are interested in Mathematics, Physics and Chemistry.
    • Remaining students are interested in Humanities.
    Based on the above information, the number of students interested in Humanities is
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    Question

    A diagram showing two connected hexagons, one larger and one smaller, with specific segments shaded, and a vertical dotted line representing a mirror.
    For the picture shown above, which one of the following is the correct picture representing reflection with respect to the mirror shown as the dotted line?
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    Question

    In the last few years, several new shopping malls were opened in the city. The total number of visitors in the malls is impressive. However, the total revenue generated through sales in the shops in these malls is generally low.
    Which one of the following is the CORRECT logical inference based on the information in the above passage?
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    Question

    In a partnership business the monthly investment by three friends for the first six months is in the ratio 3: 4: 5. After six months, they had to increase their monthly investments by 10%, 15% and 20%, respectively, of their initial monthly investment. The new investment ratio was kept constant for the next six months.
    What is the ratio of their shares in the total profit (in the same order) at the end of the year such that the share is proportional to their individual total investment over the year?
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    Question

    Consider the following equations of straight lines:
    Line L1: 2x−3y=52x - 3y = 5
    Line L2: 3x+2y=83x + 2y = 8
    Line L3: 4x−6y=54x - 6y = 5
    Line L4: 6x−9y=66x - 9y = 6Which one among the following is the correct statement?
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    Question

    Given below are two statements and four conclusions drawn based on the statements.
    Statement 1: Some soaps are clean.
    Statement 2: All clean objects are wet.
    Conclusion I: Some clean objects are soaps.
    Conclusion II: No clean object is a soap.
    Conclusion III: Some wet objects are soaps.
    Conclusion IV: All wet objects are soaps.
    Which one of the following options can be logically inferred?
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    Question

    An ant walks in a straight line on a plane leaving behind a trace of its movement. The initial position of the ant is at point P facing east.
    The ant first turns 72∘72^\circ anticlockwise at P, and then does the following two steps in sequence exactly FIVE times before halting.
    1.moves forward for 10 cm.
    2.turns 144∘144^\circ clockwise.
    The pattern made by the trace left behind by the ant is
    Compass showing North and East directions
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Civil Engineering

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    Question

    The function f(x,y)f(x, y) satisfies the Laplace equation∇2f(x,y)=0\nabla^2 f(x, y) = 0on a circular domain of radius r=1r = 1 with its center at point PP with coordinates x=0,y=0x = 0, y = 0. The value of this function on the circular boundary of this domain is equal to 3.
    The numerical value of f(0,0)f(0, 0) is:
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    Question

    ∫(x−x22+x33−x44+… )dx\int \left( x - \frac{x^2}{2} + \frac{x^3}{3} - \frac{x^4}{4} + \dots \right) dx is equal to
    1. A.
      11+x+Constant\frac{1}{1+x} + \text{Constant}
    2. B.
      11+x2+Constant\frac{1}{1+x^2} + \text{Constant}
    3. C.
      −11−x+Constant-\frac{1}{1-x} + \text{Constant}
    4. D.
      −11−x2+Constant-\frac{1}{1-x^2} + \text{Constant}

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    Question

    For a linear elastic and isotropic material, the correct relationship among Young’s modulus of elasticity (EE), Poisson’s ratio (ν\nu), and shear modulus (GG) is
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    Question

    Read the following statements relating to flexure of reinforced concrete beams:
    I. In over-reinforced sections, the failure strain in concrete reaches earlier than the yield strain in steel.
    II. In under-reinforced sections, steel reaches yielding at a load lower than the load at which the concrete reaches failure strain.
    III. Over-reinforced beams are recommended in practice as compared to the under-reinforced beams.
    IV. In balanced sections, the concrete reaches failure strain earlier than the yield strain in tensile steel.
    Each of the above statements is either True or False.
    Which one of the following combinations is correct?
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    Question

    Match all the possible combinations between Column X (Cement compounds) and Column Y (Cement properties):
    Column XColumn Y
    (i) C3SC_3S(P) Early age strength
    (ii) C2SC_2S(Q) Later age strength
    (iii) C3AC_3A(R) Flash setting
    (S) Highest heat of hydration
    (T) Lowest heat of hydration
    Which one of the following combinations is correct?
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    Question

    Consider a beam PQ fixed at P, hinged at Q, and subjected to a load FF as shown in figure (not drawn to scale). The static and kinematic degrees of indeterminacy, respectively, are
    A beam PQ fixed at P and hinged at Q with a point load F acting at an angle θ at some distance from P.
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    Question

    Read the following statements:
    (P) While designing a shallow footing in sandy soil, monsoon season is considered for critical design in terms of bearing capacity.
    (Q) For slope stability of an earthen dam, sudden drawdown is never a critical condition.
    (R) In a sandy sea beach, quicksand condition can arise only if the critical hydraulic gradient exceeds the existing hydraulic gradient.
    (S) The active earth thrust on a rigid retaining wall supporting homogeneous cohesionless backfill will reduce with the lowering of water table in the backfill.
    Which one of the following combinations is correct?
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    Question

    Stresses acting on an infinitesimal soil element are shown in the figure (with σz>σx\sigma_z > \sigma_x). The major and minor principal stresses are σ1\sigma_1 and σ3\sigma_3, respectively. Considering the compressive stresses as positive, which one of the following expressions correctly represents the angle between the major principal stress plane and the horizontal plane?
    An infinitesimal soil element with normal stresses σz (vertical) and σx (horizontal), and shear stresses τzx acting on all faces.
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    Question

    Match Column X with Column Y:
    Column XColumn Y
    (P) Horton equation(I) Design of alluvial channel
    (Q) Penman method(II) Maximum flood discharge
    (R) Chezy’s formula(III) Evapotranspiration
    (S) Lacey’s theory(IV) Infiltration
    (T) Dicken’s formula(V) Flow velocity
    Which one of the following combinations is correct?
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    Question

    In a certain month, the reference crop evapotranspiration at a location is 6 mm/day6\text{ mm/day}. If the crop coefficient and soil coefficient are 1.21.2 and 0.80.8, respectively, the actual evapotranspiration in mm/day\text{mm/day} is
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    Question

    The dimension of dynamic viscosity is:
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    Question

    A process equipment emits 5 kg/h of volatile organic compounds (VOCs). If a hood placed over the process equipment captures 95% of the VOCs, then the fugitive emission in kg/h is
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    Question

    Match the following attributes of a city with the appropriate scale of measurements.
    AttributeScale of measurement
    (P) Average temperature (∘C^\circ\text{C}) of a city(I) Interval
    (Q) Name of a city(II) Ordinal
    (R) Population density of a city(III) Nominal
    (S) Ranking of a city based on ease of business(IV) Ratio
    Which one of the following combinations is correct?
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    Question

    If the magnetic bearing of the Sun at a place at noon is S 2° E, the magnetic declination (in degrees) at that place is
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    Question

    PP and QQ are two square matrices of the same order. Which of the following statement(s) is/are correct?
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    Question

    In a solid waste handling facility, the moisture contents (MC) of food waste, paper waste, and glass waste were found to be MCfMC_f, MCpMC_p, and MCgMC_g, respectively. Similarly, the energy contents (EC) of plastic waste, food waste, and glass waste were found to be ECppEC_{pp}, ECfEC_f, and ECgEC_g, respectively. Which of the following statement(s) is/are correct?
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    Question

    To design an optimum municipal solid waste collection route, which of the following is/are NOT desired:
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    Question

    For a traffic stream, vv is the space mean speed, kk is the density, qq is the flow, vfv_f is the free flow speed, and kjk_j is the jam density. Assume that the speed decreases linearly with density.
    Which of the following relation(s) is/are correct?
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    Question

    The error in measuring the radius of a 5 cm5\text{ cm} circular rod was 0.2%0.2\%. If the cross-sectional area of the rod was calculated using this measurement, then the resulting absolute percentage error in the computed area is______. (round off to two decimal places)
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    Question

    The components of pure shear strain in a sheared material are given in the matrix form:ε=[111−1]\boldsymbol{\varepsilon} = \begin{bmatrix} 1 & 1 \\ 1 & -1 \end{bmatrix}Here, Trace(ε)=0\text{Trace}(\boldsymbol{\varepsilon}) = 0. Given, P=Trace(ε8)P = \text{Trace}(\boldsymbol{\varepsilon}^8) and Q=Trace(ε11)Q = \text{Trace}(\boldsymbol{\varepsilon}^{11}).
    The numerical value of (P+Q)(P + Q) is ________. (in integer)
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    Question

    The inside diameter of a sampler tube is 50 mm. The inside diameter of the cutting edge is kept such that the Inside Clearance Ratio (ICR) is 1.0 % to minimize the friction on the sample as the sampler tube enters into the soil.
    The inside diameter (in mm) of the cutting edge is _________________. (round off to two decimal places)
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    Question

    A concentrically loaded isolated square footing of size 2 m×2 m2\text{ m} \times 2\text{ m} carries a concentrated vertical load of 1000 kN1000\text{ kN}. Considering Boussinesq’s theory of stress distribution, the maximum depth (in m) of the pressure bulb corresponding to 10%10\% of the vertical load intensity will be ___________. (round off to two decimal places)
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    Question

    In a triaxial unconsolidated undrained (UU) test on a saturated clay sample, the cell pressure was 100 kPa100\text{ kPa}. If the deviatoric stress at failure was 150 kPa150\text{ kPa}, then the undrained shear strength of the soil is _________ kPa\text{kPa}.
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    Question

    A flood control structure having an expected life of nn years is designed by considering a flood of return period TT years. When T=nT = n, and n→∞n \to \infty, the structure’s hydrologic risk of failure in percentage is _______. (round off to one decimal place)
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    Question

    The base length of the runway at the mean sea level (MSL) is 1500 m. If the runway is located at an altitude of 300 m above the MSL, the actual length (in m) of the runway to be provided is ________. (round off to the nearest integer)
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    Question

    Consider the polynomial f(x)=x3−6x2+11x−6f(x) = x^3 - 6x^2 + 11x - 6 on the domain SS given by 1≤x≤31 \leq x \leq 3. The first and second derivatives are f′(x)f'(x) and f′′(x)f''(x).
    Consider the following statements:
    I. The given polynomial is zero at the boundary points x=1x = 1 and x=3x = 3.
    II. There exists one local maxima of f(x)f(x) within the domain SS.
    III. The second derivative f′′(x)>0f''(x) > 0 throughout the domain SS.
    IV. There exists one local minima of f(x)f(x) within the domain SS.
    The correct option is:
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    Question

    An undamped spring-mass system with mass mm and spring stiffness kk is shown in the figure. The natural frequency and natural period of this system are ω\omega rad/s and TT s, respectively. If the stiffness of the spring is doubled and the mass is halved, then the natural frequency and the natural period of the modified system, respectively, are
    An undamped spring-mass system with a spring of stiffness $k$ attached to a fixed support and a mass $m$ at the bottom.
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    Question

    For the square steel beam cross-section shown in the figure, the shape factor about z−zz - z axis is SS and the plastic moment capacity is MPM_P. Consider yield stress fy=250 MPaf_y = 250\text{ MPa} and a=100 mma = 100\text{ mm}.
    A square cross-section of side $a$ rotated by $45^\circ$ (diamond shape) with vertices $K, H, J, I$. The $z-z$ axis passes through vertices $H$ and $J$.
    The values of SS and MPM_P (rounded-off to one decimal place) are
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    Question

    A post-tensioned concrete member of span 15 m and cross-section of 450 mm ×\times 450 mm is prestressed with three steel tendons, each of cross-sectional area 200 mm2^2. The tendons are tensioned one after another to a stress of 1500 MPa. All the tendons are straight and located at 125 mm from the bottom of the member. Assume the prestress to be the same in all tendons and the modular ratio to be 6. The average loss of prestress, due to elastic deformation of concrete, considering all three tendons is
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    Question

    Match the following in Column X with Column Y:
    Column XColumn Y
    (P) In a triaxial compression test, with increase of axial strain in loose sand under drained shear condition, the volumetric strain(I) decreases.
    (Q) In a triaxial compression test, with increase of axial strain in loose sand under undrained shear condition, the excess pore water pressure(II) increases.
    (R) In a triaxial compression test, the pore pressure parameter “B” for a saturated soil(III) remains same.
    (S) For shallow strip footing in pure saturated clay, Terzaghi’s bearing capacity factor (NqN_q) due to surcharge(IV) is always 0.0.
    (V) is always 1.0.
    (VI) is always 0.5.
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    Question

    A soil sample is underlying a water column of height h1h_1, as shown in the figure. The vertical effective stresses at points A, B, and C are σA′\sigma'_A, σB′\sigma'_B, and σC′\sigma'_C, respectively. Let γsat\gamma_{sat} and γ′\gamma' be the saturated and submerged unit weights of the soil sample, respectively, and γw\gamma_w be the unit weight of water. Which one of the following expressions correctly represents the sum (σA′+σB′+σC′)(\sigma'_A + \sigma'_B + \sigma'_C) ?
    A diagram showing a water column of height $h_1$ above a saturated soil layer of height $h_2 + h_3$. Points A, B, and C are marked at depths $h_1$, $h_1 + h_2$, and $h_1 + h_2 + h_3$ respectively.
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    Question

    A 100 mg of HNO3HNO_3 (strong acid) is added to water, bringing the final volume to 1.0 liter. Consider the atomic weights of H, N, and O, as 1 g/mol, 14 g/mol, and 16 g/mol, respectively. The final pH of this water is (Ignore the dissociation of water.)
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    Question

    In a city, the chemical formula of biodegradable fraction of municipal solid waste (MSW) is C100H250O80NC_{100}H_{250}O_{80}N. The waste has to be treated by forced-aeration composting process for which air requirement has to be estimated.
    Assume oxygen in air (by weight) = 23 %, and density of air = 1.3 kg/m3^3.
    Atomic mass: C = 12, H = 1, O = 16, N = 14.
    C and H are oxidized completely whereas N is converted only into NH3NH_3 during oxidation.
    For oxidative degradation of 1 tonne of the waste, the required theoretical volume of air (in m3^3/tonne) will be (round off to the nearest integer)
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    Question

    A single-lane highway has a traffic density of 40 vehicles/km. If the time-mean speed and space-mean speed are 40 kmph and 30 kmph, respectively, the average headway (in seconds) between the vehicles is
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    Question

    Let y\mathbf{y} be a non-zero vector of size 2022×12022 \times 1. Which of the following statement(s) is/are TRUE?
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    Which of the following statement(s) is/are correct?
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    Question

    Water is flowing in a horizontal, frictionless, rectangular channel. A smooth hump is built on the channel floor at a section and its height is gradually increased to reach choked condition in the channel. The depth of water at this section is y2y_2 and that at its upstream section is y1y_1. The correct statement(s) for the choked and unchoked conditions in the channel is/are
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    Question

    The concentration S(x,t)S(x, t) of pollutants in a one-dimensional reservoir at position xx and time tt satisfies the diffusion equation∂S(x,t)∂t=D∂2S(x,t)∂x2\frac{\partial S(x, t)}{\partial t} = D \frac{\partial^2 S(x, t)}{\partial x^2}on the domain 0≤x≤L0 \le x \le L, where DD is the diffusion coefficient of the pollutants.
    The initial condition s(x,0)s(x, 0) is defined by the step-function shown in the figure.
    Graph showing initial concentration s(x, t=0) as a step function, with value S0 from x=0 to x=0.4L and 0 from x=0.4L to x=L

    The boundary conditions of the problem are given by ∂S(x,t)∂x=0\frac{\partial S(x,t)}{\partial x} = 0 at the boundary points x=0x = 0 and x=Lx = L at all times. Consider D=0.1 m2/sD = 0.1 \text{ m}^2/\text{s}, S0=5 µmol/mS_0 = 5 \text{ µmol/m}, and L=10 mL = 10 \text{ m}.
    The steady-state concentration S(L2,∞)S(\frac{L}{2}, \infty) of the reservoir (in µmol/m) is ________ (in integer)
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    Question

    A pair of six-faced dice is rolled thrice. The probability that the sum of the outcomes in each roll equals 4 in exactly two of the three attempts is ______.
    (round off to three decimal places)
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    Question

    Consider two linearly elastic rods HIHI and IJIJ, each of length bb, as shown in the figure. The rods are co-linear, and confined between two fixed supports at HH and JJ. Both the rods are initially stress free. The coefficient of linear thermal expansion is α\alpha for both the rods. The temperature of the rod IJIJ is raised by ΔT\Delta T, whereas the temperature of rod HIHI remains unchanged. An external horizontal force PP is now applied at node II. It is given that α=10−6 ∘C−1\alpha = \mathbf{10^{-6} \text{ } ^\circ\text{C}^{-1}}, ΔT=50 ∘C\Delta T = \mathbf{50 \text{ } ^\circ\text{C}}, b=2 mb = \mathbf{2 \text{ m}}, AE=106 NAE = \mathbf{10^6 \text{ N}}. The axial rigidities of the rods HIHI and IJIJ are 2AE2AE and AEAE, respectively.
    Diagram showing two co-linear rods HI and IJ between fixed supports H and J, with a force P applied at node I.
    To make the axial force in rod HIHI equal to zero, the value of the external force PP (in N) is _________. (round off to the nearest integer)
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    The linearly elastic planar structure shown in the figure is acted upon by two vertical concentrated forces. The horizontal beams UVUV and WXWX are connected with the help of the vertical linear spring with spring constant k=20 kN/mk = 20 \text{ kN/m}. The fixed supports are provided at UU and XX. It is given that flexural rigidity EI=105 kN-m2EI = \mathbf{10^5 \text{ kN-m}^2}, P=100 kNP = \mathbf{100 \text{ kN}}, and a=5 ma = \mathbf{5 \text{ m}}. Force QQ is applied at the center of beam WXWX such that the force in the spring VWVW becomes zero.
    Diagram showing two horizontal cantilever beams UV and WX connected by a vertical spring VW, with loads P and Q applied.
    The magnitude of force QQ (in kN) is ________. (round off to the nearest integer)
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    A uniform rod KJKJ of weight ww shown in the figure rests against a frictionless vertical wall at the point KK and a rough horizontal surface at point JJ. It is given that w=10 kNw = 10\text{ kN}, a=4 ma = 4\text{ m} and b=3 mb = 3\text{ m}.
    A uniform rod KJ leaning against a wall
    The minimum coefficient of static friction that is required at the point JJ to hold the rod in equilibrium is ___________. (round off to three decimal places)
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    Question

    The activities of a project are given in the following table along with their durations and dependency.
    ActivitiesDuration (days)Depends on
    A10-
    B12-
    C5A
    D14B
    E10B, C
    The total float of the activity E (in days) is ________. (in integer)
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    A group of total 16 piles are arranged in a square grid format. The center-to-center spacing (ss) between adjacent piles is 3 m3\text{ m}. The diameter (dd) and length of embedment of each pile are 1 m1\text{ m} and 20 m20\text{ m}, respectively. The design capacity of each pile is 1000 kN1000\text{ kN} in the vertical downward direction. The pile group efficiency (ηg\eta_g) is given byηg=1−θ90[(n−1)m+(m−1)nmn]\eta_g = 1 - \frac{\theta}{90} \left[ \frac{(n - 1)m + (m - 1)n}{mn} \right]where mm and nn are number of rows and columns in the plan grid of pile arrangement, and θ=tan⁡−1(ds)\theta = \tan^{-1} \left( \frac{d}{s} \right).
    The design value of the pile group capacity (in kN) in the vertical downward direction is __________________. (round off to the nearest integer)
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    A saturated compressible clay layer of thickness hh is sandwiched between two sand layers, as shown in the figure. Initially, the total vertical stress and pore water pressure at point P, which is located at the mid-depth of the clay layer, were 150 kPa150\text{ kPa} and 25 kPa25\text{ kPa}, respectively. Construction of a building caused an additional total vertical stress of 100 kPa100\text{ kPa} at P. When the vertical effective stress at P is 175 kPa175\text{ kPa}, the percentage of consolidation in the clay layer at P is _____________ . (in integer)
    diagram showing a clay layer of thickness h between two sand layers with point P at mid-depth
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    A hydraulic jump takes place in a 6 m6\text{ m} wide rectangular channel at a point where the upstream depth is 0.5 m0.5\text{ m} (just before the jump). If the discharge in the channel is 30 m3/s30\text{ m}^3/\text{s} and the energy loss in the jump is 1.6 m1.6\text{ m}, then the Froude number computed at the end of the jump is ___________. (round off to two decimal places)
    (Consider the acceleration due to gravity as 10 m/s210\text{ m}/\text{s}^2.)
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    A pump with an efficiency of 80%80\% is used to draw groundwater from a well for irrigating a flat field of area 108 hectares108\text{ hectares}. The base period and delta for paddy crop on this field are 120 days120\text{ days} and 144 cm144\text{ cm}, respectively. Water application efficiency in the field is 80%80\%. The lowest level of water in the well is 10 m10\text{ m} below the ground. The minimum required horse power (h.p.) of the pump is ________. (round off to two decimal places)
    (Consider 1 h.p.=746 W1\text{ h.p.} = 746\text{ W}; unit weight of water = 9810 N/m39810\text{ N}/\text{m}^3)
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    Two discrete spherical particles (P and Q) of equal mass density are independently released in water. Particle P and particle Q have diameters of 0.5 mm0.5\text{ mm} and 1.0 mm1.0\text{ mm}, respectively. Assume Stokes’ law is valid.
    The drag force on particle Q will be________ times the drag force on particle P. (round off to the nearest integer)
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    At a municipal waste handling facility, 3030 metric ton mixture of food waste, yard waste, and paper waste was available. The moisture content of this mixture was found to be 10%10\%. The ideal moisture content for composting this mixture is 50%50\%. The amount of water to be added to this mixture to bring its moisture content to the ideal condition is _______metric ton. (in integer)
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    A sewage treatment plant receives sewage at a flow rate of 5000 m3/day5000\text{ m}^3/\text{day}. The total suspended solids (TSS) concentration in the sewage at the inlet of primary clarifier is 200 mg/L200\text{ mg/L}. After the primary treatment, the TSS concentration in sewage is reduced by 60%60\%. The sludge from the primary clarifier contains 2%2\% solids concentration. Subsequently, the sludge is subjected to gravity thickening process to achieve a solids concentration of 6%6\%. Assume that the density of sludge, before and after thickening, is 1000 kg/m31000\text{ kg/m}^3.
    The daily volume of the thickened sludge (in m3/day\text{m}^3/\text{day}) will be_________. (round off to the nearest integer)
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    A sample of air analyzed at 25 ∘C25\ ^\circ\text{C} and 1 atm1\ \text{atm} pressure is reported to contain 0.04 ppm0.04\ \text{ppm} of SO2\text{SO}_2. Atomic mass of S=32,O=16\text{S} = 32, \text{O} = 16.
    The equivalent SO2\text{SO}_2 concentration (in μg/m3\mu\text{g}/\text{m}^3) will be__________. (round off to the nearest integer)
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    A parabolic vertical crest curve connects two road segments with grades +1.0%+1.0\% and −2.0%-2.0\%. If a 200 m200\ \text{m} stopping sight distance is needed for a driver at a height of 1.2 m1.2\ \text{m} to avoid an obstacle of height 0.15 m0.15\ \text{m}, then the minimum curve length should be ______ m. (round off to the nearest integer)
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    Assuming that traffic on a highway obeys the Greenshields model, the speed of a shockwave between two traffic streams (P) and (Q) as shown in the schematic is _______ kmph. (in integer)
    Schematic showing traffic streams P and Q with flow and speed values
    Your answer

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    It is given that an aggregate mix has 260 grams of coarse aggregates and 240 grams of fine aggregates. The specific gravities of the coarse and fine aggregates are 2.6 and 2.4, respectively. The bulk specific gravity of the mix is 2.3.
    The percentage air voids in the mix is ____________. (round off to the nearest integer)
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    The lane configuration with lane volumes in vehicles per hour of a four-arm signalized intersection is shown in the figure. There are only two phases: the first phase is for the East-West and the West-East through movements, and the second phase is for the North-South and the South-North through movements. There are no turning movements. Assume that the saturation flow is 1800 vehicles per hour per lane for each lane and the total lost time for the first and the second phases together is 9 seconds.
    Intersection lane configuration with traffic volumes
    The optimum cycle length (in seconds), as per the Webster’s method, is ____________. (round off to the nearest integer)
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