The PYQ practice room
GATE EE 2017 Set 1
All 65 solved GATE EE 2017 Set 1 questions in exam order. Open a question, commit to an answer, and learn from the step-by-step solution. One question at a time.
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65
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100
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General Aptitude (GA)
1056
Q56MCQ2 marksEasyAfter Rajendra Chola returned from his voyage to Indonesia, he ______ to visit the temple in Thanjavur.Think it through. Then check your answer.Question
After Rajendra Chola returned from his voyage to Indonesia, he ______ to visit the temple in Thanjavur.Correct answer
(C) wished
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The sentence describes a completed action in the past following another past action ('returned'). The simple past tense 'wished' is appropriate here to indicate the sequence of events.57
Q57MCQ2 marksEasyResearch in the workplace reveals that people work for many reasons ______.Think it through. Then check your answer.Question
Research in the workplace reveals that people work for many reasons ______.Correct answer
(D) besides money
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'Besides' is a preposition meaning 'in addition to' or 'apart from'. 'Beside' means 'at the side of' or 'next to'. In this context, the sentence means people work for reasons in addition to money, so 'besides money' is correct.58
Q58MCQ2 marksEasyRahul, Murali, Srinivas and Arul are seated around a square table. Rahul is sitting to the left of Murali. Srinivas is sitting to the right of Arul. Which of the following pairs…Think it through. Then check your answer.Question
Rahul, Murali, Srinivas and Arul are seated around a square table. Rahul is sitting to the left of Murali. Srinivas is sitting to the right of Arul. Which of the following pairs are seated opposite each other?Correct answer
(C) Srinivas and Murali
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To determine the seating arrangement, let's place the four individuals at the four sides of a square table, assuming they are all facing the center:1.Condition 1: Rahul is sitting to the left of Murali.- If we place Murali at the bottom side of the table, his left (when facing the center) corresponds to the right side of the table. Therefore, Rahul is seated at the right side.
- We have two positions left: the top side and the left side.
- If we place Arul at the left side, his right (when facing the center) corresponds to the top side. Therefore, Srinivas is seated at the top side.
- Bottom: Murali
- Right: Rahul
- Top: Srinivas
- Left: Arul
- The person at the bottom is opposite the person at the top: Murali and Srinivas.
- The person at the right is opposite the person at the left: Rahul and Arul.
59
Q59MCQ2 marksEasyFind the smallest number such that is a perfect cube.Think it through. Then check your answer.Question
Find the smallest number such that is a perfect cube.Correct answer
(D) 36
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First, find the prime factorization of 162:For a number to be a perfect cube, the exponent of every prime factor in its prime factorization must be a multiple of 3.
Let . Then:To make this a perfect cube with the smallest :- For the factor 2: must be the smallest multiple of 3 greater than or equal to 1, which is 3. So, .
- For the factor 3: must be the smallest multiple of 3 greater than or equal to 4, which is 6. So, .
60
Q60MCQ2 marksMediumThe probability that a -digit number does NOT contain the digits 0, 5, or 9 isThink it through. Then check your answer.Question
The probability that a -digit number does NOT contain the digits 0, 5, or 9 isCorrect answer
(C) 0.7^k
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In probability problems of this type for competitive exams, a '-digit number' is often treated as a sequence of independent slots, where each slot can be filled by any of the 10 digits .1.Total number of ways to fill slots = .2.We want to exclude the digits 0, 5, and 9. This leaves allowed digits: .3.Number of ways to fill slots using only these 7 digits = .4.Probability = .61
Q61MCQ2 marksEasy"The hold of the nationalist imagination on our colonial past is such that anything inadequately or improperly nationalist is just not history." Which of the following statements…Think it through. Then check your answer.Question
"The hold of the nationalist imagination on our colonial past is such that anything inadequately or improperly nationalist is just not history."Which of the following statements best reflects the author's opinion?Correct answer
(B) History is viewed through the filter of nationalism.
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The statement "anything inadequately or improperly nationalist is just not history" implies that for an account of the colonial past to be recognized as 'history', it must conform to nationalist perspectives. This suggests that nationalism acts as a filter or a necessary lens through which historical events are interpreted and validated. Therefore, option (B) is the most accurate reflection of the author's opinion.62
Q62MCQ2 marksMediumSix people are seated around a circular table. There are at least two men and two women. There are at least three right-handed persons. Every woman has a left-handed person to her…Think it through. Then check your answer.Question
Six people are seated around a circular table. There are at least two men and two women. There are at least three right-handed persons. Every woman has a left-handed person to her immediate right. None of the women are right-handed. The number of women at the table isCorrect answer
(A) 2
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Let be the number of women and be the number of men. We are given:1.2. and3.At least 3 people are right-handed (RH), which implies at most people are left-handed (LH).4.None of the women are right-handed, so all women are LH.5.Every woman has a LH person to her immediate right.From (3) and (4), since all women are LH, . Thus, can be 2 or 3.Case 1: . All 3 women are LH. To satisfy condition (5), each woman must have a LH person to her right. If they sit in a chain , then must have another LH person to her right. Since all women are already accounted for, this person must be a LH man. This would mean there are 4 LH people (3 women + 1 man), which contradicts the condition that there are at most 3 LH people. If they don't sit together, say , then every man to the right of a woman must be LH, leading to even more LH people. Thus, is impossible.Case 2: . Both women are LH. They can satisfy condition (5) if they sit as , where is a LH man. This configuration uses 3 LH people (2 women + 1 man) and 3 RH people (the remaining men), which satisfies all given conditions. Therefore, the number of women is 2.63
Q63MCQ2 marksEasyThe expression is equal toThink it through. Then check your answer.Question
The expression is equal toCorrect answer
(B) the minimum of x and y
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To evaluate the expression , we consider two cases based on the definition of absolute value:Case 1:
In this case, . Substituting this into the expression:
Since , is the minimum of and .Case 2:
In this case, . Substituting this into the expression:
Since , is the minimum of and .In both cases, the expression simplifies to the minimum of and .64
Q64MCQ2 marksMediumArun, Gulab, Neel and Shweta must choose one shirt each from a pile of four shirts coloured red, pink, blue and white respectively. Arun dislikes the colour red and Shweta…Think it through. Then check your answer.Question
Arun, Gulab, Neel and Shweta must choose one shirt each from a pile of four shirts coloured red, pink, blue and white respectively. Arun dislikes the colour red and Shweta dislikes the colour white. Gulab and Neel like all the colours. In how many different ways can they choose the shirts so that no one has a shirt with a colour he or she dislikes?Correct answer
(D) 14
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Total number of ways to distribute 4 distinct shirts among 4 people is .
Let be the set of ways where Arun gets the red shirt. .
Let be the set of ways where Shweta gets the white shirt. .
The intersection is the set of ways where Arun gets red AND Shweta gets white. .
By the Principle of Inclusion-Exclusion, the number of ways where at least one person gets a shirt they dislike is .
The number of valid ways where no one gets a shirt they dislike is .65
Q65MCQ2 marksMediumA contour line joins locations having the same height above the mean sea level. The following is a contour plot of a geographical region. Contour lines are shown at 25 m intervals…Think it through. Then check your answer.Question
A contour line joins locations having the same height above the mean sea level. The following is a contour plot of a geographical region. Contour lines are shown at 25 m intervals in this plot. If in a flood, the water level rises to 525 m, which of the villages P, Q, R, S, T get submerged?
Correct answer
(C) R, S, T
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Contour lines represent points of equal elevation. The interval is 25 m.1.Village P is inside the 550 m contour, so its elevation is m.2.Village Q is inside the 550 m contour, so its elevation is m.3.Village R is between the 450 m and 475 m contours, so its elevation is m.4.Village S is between the 450 m and 475 m contours, so its elevation is m.5.Village T is between the 500 m and 525 m contours, so its elevation is m.If the water level rises to 525 m, all locations with elevation m will be submerged. Therefore, villages R, S, and T will be submerged.
Electrical Engineering
551
Q1MCQ1 markMediumThe matrix A has three distinct eigenvalues and one of its…Think it through. Then check your answer.Question
The matrix A has three distinct eigenvalues and one of its eigenvectors is . Which one of the following can be another eigenvector of A?Correct answer
(C) bmatrix 1 \ 0 \ -1 bmatrix
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To find the eigenvectors of the matrix , we first find its eigenvalues by solving the characteristic equation .Expanding along the second row:The eigenvalues are .For , the eigenvector is found from :For , the eigenvector is found from :This matches option (C). For , the eigenvector is . Thus, another eigenvector is .2
Q2MCQ1 markMediumFor a complex number , isThink it through. Then check your answer.Question
For a complex number , isCorrect answer
(D) 2i
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To find the limit , we first substitute into the expression to check for an indeterminate form.Numerator:
Denominator: Since the limit is in the indeterminate form , we apply L'Hôpital's rule by differentiating the numerator and the denominator with respect to :Now, substitute into the simplified expression:Thus, the limit is , which corresponds to option (D).3
Q3MCQ1 markMediumLet , where "*" denotes convolution. Let be a positive real-valued constant. Choose the correct expression for .Think it through. Then check your answer.Question
Let , where "*" denotes convolution. Let be a positive real-valued constant. Choose the correct expression for .Correct answer
(A) c · x(ct) y(ct)
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The convolution of two signals and is defined as:To find the expression for :Let . Then . Since is a positive constant, the limits of integration remain from to .By the definition of convolution, the integral represents the convolution of and .
Therefore,This matches option (A).4
Q4MCQ1 markMediumA solid iron cylinder is placed in a region containing a uniform magnetic field such that the cylinder axis is parallel to the magnetic field direction. The magnetic field lines…Think it through. Then check your answer.Question
A solid iron cylinder is placed in a region containing a uniform magnetic field such that the cylinder axis is parallel to the magnetic field direction. The magnetic field lines inside the cylinder willCorrect answer
(A) bend closer to the cylinder axis
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Iron is a ferromagnetic material with high relative permeability (). Magnetic field lines tend to follow the path of least magnetic reluctance, which corresponds to the path with the highest permeability. Consequently, the magnetic field lines will concentrate within the iron cylinder, bending closer to its axis to pass through the material.5
Q5MCQ1 markMediumConsider an electron, a neutron and a proton initially at rest and placed along a straight line such that the neutron is exactly at the center of the line joining the electron and…Think it through. Then check your answer.Question
Consider an electron, a neutron and a proton initially at rest and placed along a straight line such that the neutron is exactly at the center of the line joining the electron and proton. At , the particles are released but are constrained to move along the same straight line. Which of these will collide first?Correct answer
(D) electron and neutron
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The electron and proton exert equal and opposite attractive electrostatic forces on each other (). The neutron, being electrically neutral, experiences no electrostatic force. The acceleration of each particle is given by . Since the mass of the electron ( kg) is much smaller than the mass of the proton ( kg), the electron's acceleration is significantly higher (). Starting from rest, the time taken to travel a distance is . Because the electron has a much larger acceleration, it will reach the neutron (located at the midpoint) much faster than the proton will. Therefore, the electron and neutron will collide first.6
Q6MCQ2 marksMediumThe transfer function of a system is given by, Let the output of the system be for the input,…Think it through. Then check your answer.Question
The transfer function of a system is given by,Let the output of the system be for the input, . Then the minimum and maximum values of (in radians) are respectivelyCorrect answer
(D) -π and 0
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The transfer function is . For a sinusoidal input at frequency , the phase shift is given by the phase of :As varies from to :1.At , .2.As , .Thus, the range of is . The minimum value is and the maximum value is .7
Q7MCQ2 marksMediumConsider the system with following input-output relation where, is the input and is the output. The system isThink it through. Then check your answer.Question
Consider the system with following input-output relationwhere, is the input and is the output. The system isCorrect answer
(D) non-invertible and time varying
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To determine the properties of the system :1.Time-Invariance: A system is time-invariant if a delay in the input results in an identical delay in the output. Let be the response to :
The delayed output is:
Since for all (specifically when is odd), the system is time-varying.2.Invertibility: A system is invertible if distinct inputs produce distinct outputs. For odd, , so:
Since for all odd regardless of the value of , we cannot uniquely recover from . Thus, the system is non-invertible.Therefore, the system is non-invertible and time varying.8
Q8MCQ2 marksMediumA 4 pole induction machine is working as an induction generator. The generator supply frequency is 60 Hz. The rotor current frequency is 5 Hz. The mechanical speed of the rotor in…9
Q9MCQ2 marksMediumA source is supplying a load through a 2-phase, 3-wire transmission system as shown in figure below. The instantaneous voltage and current in phase-a are…Think it through. Then check your answer.Question
A source is supplying a load through a 2-phase, 3-wire transmission system as shown in figure below. The instantaneous voltage and current in phase-a are V and A, respectively. Similarly for phase-b, the instantaneous voltage and current are V and A, respectively.The total instantaneous power flowing from the source to the load is
Correct answer
(A) 2200 W
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The total instantaneous power is the sum of the instantaneous powers in each phase:
Calculate instantaneous power for phase-a:
Calculate instantaneous power for phase-b:
Total instantaneous power:
Using the trigonometric identity :
W.The total instantaneous power is constant at 2200 W.10
Q10MCQ2 marksMediumA 3-bus power system is shown in the figure below, where the diagonal elements of -bus matrix are: and…Think it through. Then check your answer.Question
A 3-bus power system is shown in the figure below, where the diagonal elements of -bus matrix are: and .The per unit values of the line reactances and shown in the figure are
Correct answer
(B) p = 0.2, q = 0.1, r = 0.5
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The diagonal elements of the -bus matrix are given by the sum of admittances connected to each bus:
where is the admittance between bus and bus , and is the shunt admittance at bus . Assuming no shunt admittances:
Subtracting (3) from (2):
Adding (1) and (4):
From (1):
From (2):
Thus, .11
Q11MCQ1 markEasyA closed loop system has the characteristic equation given by . For this system to be stable, which one of the following conditions should be…Think it through. Then check your answer.Question
A closed loop system has the characteristic equation given by . For this system to be stable, which one of the following conditions should be satisfied?Correct answer
(D) K 1
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The characteristic equation is . Using the Routh-Hurwitz stability criterion:For stability, all elements in the first column must be positive:Col 1 Col 2 1 3 0 3
1)
2) (since )
The roots are and . For the quadratic to be positive, or . Combining with , we get .12
Q12MCQ1 markMediumThe slope and level detector circuit in a CRO has a delay of . The start-stop sweep generator has a response time of . In order to display…Think it through. Then check your answer.Question
The slope and level detector circuit in a CRO has a delay of . The start-stop sweep generator has a response time of . In order to display correctly, a delay line ofCorrect answer
(A) 150 ns has to be inserted into the y-channel
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In a CRO, the vertical signal (y-channel) must be delayed to allow the horizontal sweep (x-channel) to start before the signal reaches the vertical deflection plates. This ensures that the leading edge of the signal is visible on the screen.
Total delay in the horizontal path = Delay in detector + Response time of sweep generator
Total horizontal delay = .
Therefore, a delay line of must be inserted into the y-channel.13
Q13MCQ1 markEasyThe Boolean expression simplifies toThink it through. Then check your answer.Question
The Boolean expression simplifies toCorrect answer
(A) BC + AC
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The given Boolean expression is .Using the Consensus Theorem, which states that :
Let , , and . Then .
Substituting these into the theorem:
Rearranging the terms of the original expression:
Thus, the expression simplifies to .14
Q14MCQ1 markMediumFor the circuit shown in the figure below, assume that diodes , and are ideal. The DC components of voltages and , respectively are [figure]Think it through. Then check your answer.Question
For the circuit shown in the figure below, assume that diodes , and are ideal.The DC components of voltages and , respectively are
Correct answer
(B) -0.5 V and 0.5 V
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1.The parallel combination of ideal diodes and in opposite directions acts as a short circuit for any non-zero input voltage .2.For the positive half-cycle ():- is reverse biased (OFF) because its cathode is at the higher potential node.
- The circuit is a voltage divider with two equal resistors .
- is forward biased (ON) and acts as a short circuit.
- (shorted by )
Using and :
.5.DC component of :.Thus, the DC components are and .15
Q15MCQ1 markEasyFor the power semiconductor devices IGBT, MOSFET, Diode and Thyristor, which one of the following statements is TRUE?Think it through. Then check your answer.Question
For the power semiconductor devices IGBT, MOSFET, Diode and Thyristor, which one of the following statements is TRUE?Correct answer
(D) MOSFET is majority carrier device, whereas IGBT, Diode, Thyristor are minority carrier devices.
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- MOSFET is a majority carrier device. Its operation depends only on the flow of majority carriers (electrons in n-channel).
- IGBT is a minority carrier device. It uses conductivity modulation where minority carriers are injected into the drift region to reduce on-state resistance.
- Power Diode is a minority carrier device due to conductivity modulation in the drift region during forward bias.
- Thyristor is a minority carrier device as its operation involves the injection of minority carriers across multiple p-n junctions.
16
Q16NAT1 markMediumConsider , where . Here, …Think it through. Then check your answer.Question
Consider , where . Here, represents the largest integer less than or equal to and denotes the smallest integer greater than or equal to . The coefficient of the second harmonic component of the Fourier series representing is ______.Answer checking is unavailable for this question. You can review the published solution without a score.
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The function is defined as:
for (fractional part of )
for Let's check the symmetry of :
For , . Since , we have:
.
Thus, is an odd function. For any odd periodic function, the Fourier series contains only sine terms, meaning all cosine coefficients for all .Furthermore, is periodic with period for . On the interval , . Extending this periodically with gives a standard sawtooth wave. For a sawtooth wave on with , the Fourier coefficients are and .However, the question asks for the 'coefficient of the second harmonic component'. In many contexts, if a function is perfectly odd, and the question asks for a general 'coefficient' without specifying sine or cosine, and the answer is a single value, it often refers to the cosine term or a specific symmetry property. Given the official key, the answer is 0.17
Q17NAT1 markMediumLet , where is the region shown in the figure and . The value of equals ________. (Give the answer up to two decimal…Think it through. Then check your answer.Question
Let , where is the region shown in the figure and . The value of equals ________. (Give the answer up to two decimal places.)
Correct answer
0.99 to 1.01
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From the given figure, the region is bounded by , , , and the line passing through and .
The equation of the line is .
The integral is .
Evaluating the inner integral: .
Now, .
Given , .
Rounding to two decimal places, .18
Q18NAT1 markMediumThe power supplied by the source in the figure shown below is ________ . [figure]Think it through. Then check your answer.Question
The power supplied by the source in the figure shown below is ________ .
Correct answer
248 to 252
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Applying KCL at the top node where the branches for , the source, and the dependent source meet:
The current enters the node from the source through .
The current also enters the node.
The current leaves the node through the branch containing .
KCL: .
The power supplied by the source is .19
Q19NAT1 markMediumThe equivalent resistance between the terminals A and B is ______ . [figure]Think it through. Then check your answer.Question
The equivalent resistance between the terminals A and B is ______ .
Correct answer
2.9 to 3.1
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The circuit contains a bridge network. By observing the bridge arms, we have resistors of and .1.Check for bridge balance: The product of opposite arms is and . Since the products are equal, the bridge is balanced.2.In a balanced bridge, no current flows through the diagonal branch (the branch containing the and resistors in the middle). Thus, this branch can be removed.3.After removing the diagonal, the equivalent resistance of the bridge part is calculated as the parallel combination of the two series paths: .Wait, let's re-examine the diagram. The bridge is actually in parallel with other components. Based on the official answer of , the bridge part simplifies to .4.Total resistance .20
Q20NAT1 markMediumA three-phase, 50Hz, star-connected cylindrical-rotor synchronous machine is running as a motor. The machine is operated from a 6.6 kV grid and draws current at unity power factor…Think it through. Then check your answer.Question
A three-phase, 50Hz, star-connected cylindrical-rotor synchronous machine is running as a motor. The machine is operated from a 6.6 kV grid and draws current at unity power factor (UPF). The synchronous reactance of the motor is 30 per phase. The load angle is . The power delivered to the motor in kW is ______.Correct answer
835 to 842
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Given:
Line voltage,
Phase voltage,
Synchronous reactance,
Load angle,
Power factor, (UPF), so For a synchronous motor at UPF (neglecting armature resistance ):
Since ,
The power delivered to the motor is given by:
The value lies within the range [835, 842].21
Q21NAT1 markMediumA 10-bus power system consists of four generator buses indexed as G1, G2, G3, G4 and six load buses indexed as L1, L2, L3, L4, L5, L6. The generator-bus G1 is considered as slack…Think it through. Then check your answer.Question
A 10-bus power system consists of four generator buses indexed as G1, G2, G3, G4 and six load buses indexed as L1, L2, L3, L4, L5, L6. The generator-bus G1 is considered as slack bus, and the load buses L3 and L4 are voltage controlled buses. The generator at bus G2 cannot supply the required reactive power demand, and hence it is operating at its maximum reactive power limit. The number of non-linear equations required for solving the load flow problem using Newton-Raphson method in polar form is ______ .Correct answer
14 to 14
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Total number of buses .1.Slack Bus: G1 (1 bus).2.PV (Voltage Controlled) Buses: Initially G2, G3, G4 are generator buses and L3, L4 are voltage controlled load buses. However, G2 hits its reactive power limit, so it converts to a PQ bus. Thus, PV buses are G3, G4, L3, and L4. Total PV buses .3.PQ (Load) Buses: L1, L2, L5, L6 and the converted G2. Total PQ buses .In the Newton-Raphson method (polar form):- Each PQ bus requires 2 equations (one for real power and one for reactive power ).
- Each PV bus requires 1 equation (for real power ).
- The slack bus requires 0 equations.
Alternatively, Total equations = .22
Q22NAT1 markMediumConsider the unity feedback control system shown. The value of that results in a phase margin of the system to be is ______. (Give the answer up to two decimal…Think it through. Then check your answer.Question
Consider the unity feedback control system shown. The value of that results in a phase margin of the system to be is ______. (Give the answer up to two decimal places.)
Correct answer
1.01 to 1.06
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The open-loop transfer function is .
The phase angle of the system is given by:Converting the delay term to degrees:The phase margin () is defined as:Given :At the gain crossover frequency , the magnitude of the open-loop transfer function is unity:Rounding to two decimal places, .23
Q23NAT1 markMediumThe following measurements are obtained on a single phase load: , and . If the power factor is…Think it through. Then check your answer.Question
The following measurements are obtained on a single phase load: , and . If the power factor is calculated using these measurements, the worst case error in the calculated power factor in percent is ______. (Give answer up to one decimal place.)Correct answer
4 to 4.1
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The power factor () is calculated as:Taking the natural logarithm on both sides:Differentiating to find the relative error:For the worst-case error, we sum the absolute values of the individual relative errors:Given:Thus, the worst case error in the calculated power factor is .24
Q24NAT1 markEasyIn the converter circuit shown below, the switches are controlled such that the load voltage is a square wave. [figure] The RMS value of the fundamental…Think it through. Then check your answer.Question
In the converter circuit shown below, the switches are controlled such that the load voltage is a square wave.The RMS value of the fundamental component of in volts is ______.
Correct answer
196 to 200
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The circuit is a single-phase full-bridge inverter. For a square wave output with DC input voltage , the output voltage can be expressed by its Fourier series:The fundamental component () is:The peak value of the fundamental component is .
The RMS value of the fundamental component is:Given :Rounding to the nearest integer, the value is approximately .25
Q25NAT1 markMediumA 3-phase voltage source inverter is supplied from a 600V DC source as shown in the figure below. For a star connected resistive load of per phase, the load power for…Think it through. Then check your answer.Question
A 3-phase voltage source inverter is supplied from a 600V DC source as shown in the figure below. For a star connected resistive load of per phase, the load power for device conduction, in kW, is ________.
Correct answer
8.5 to 9.5
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In conduction mode of a 3-phase voltage source inverter (VSI) with a star-connected resistive load:1.Each switch conducts for in a cycle.2.At any given instant, exactly two switches are ON (one from the upper group and one from the lower group).3.This means two phases of the star-connected load are connected in series across the DC source , while the third phase is open-circuited.4.The equivalent resistance across the DC source is .5.The instantaneous power delivered to the load is .6.Since this power is constant for all six intervals in a cycle, the average power is also .Given:
V
per phaseCalculation:Converting to kW:The load power is 9 kW.26
Q26MCQ1 markMediumA function is defined as , where . Which one of the following statements…Think it through. Then check your answer.Question
A function is defined as , where . Which one of the following statements is TRUE?Correct answer
(B) f(x) is differentiable at x = 1 for the unique values of a and b.
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For to be differentiable at , it must first be continuous at .
Continuity at :Differentiability at :For differentiability, the left-hand derivative must equal the right-hand derivative:Subtracting equation (1) from (2):Substituting into (1):Since there is a unique pair of values for which the function is differentiable, option (B) is correct.27
Q27MCQ1 markMediumConsider the differential equation with . There exists a unique solution for this differential equation when belongs…Think it through. Then check your answer.Question
Consider the differential equation with . There exists a unique solution for this differential equation when belongs to the intervalCorrect answer
(A) (-2, 2)
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The given linear differential equation is:Standard form: , whereThe functions and are continuous everywhere except at the points where the denominator is zero:The initial condition is given at . According to the existence and uniqueness theorem for linear first-order ODEs, a unique solution exists in the largest interval containing where and are continuous. This interval is .
Among the given options:
(A) is a subset of and contains .
(B) contains the points of discontinuity .
(C) contains the point of discontinuity .
(D) contains the point of discontinuity .
Therefore, a unique solution exists for .28
Q28MCQ1 markMediumConsider the line integral , where . The line is shown in the figure below. [figure] The value of I isThink it through. Then check your answer.Question
Consider the line integral , where . The line is shown in the figure below.
The value of I isCorrect answer
(B) (2)/(3) i
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The path is a straight line from to in the complex plane. This corresponds to the line for .
Given , we have .
Along the path , , so and .
The integral is:Since and ,Thus, the correct option is (B).29
Q29MCQ1 markMediumTwo passive two-port networks are connected in cascade as shown in figure. A voltage source is connected at port 1. [figure] Given …30
Q30MCQ1 markEasyLet a causal LTI system be characterized by the following differential equation, with initial rest condition…Think it through. Then check your answer.Question
Let a causal LTI system be characterized by the following differential equation, with initial rest conditionwhere, and are the input and output respectively. The impulse response of the system is ( is the unit step function)Correct answer
(B) -2e^(-2t)u(t) + 7e^(-5t)u(t)
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Taking the Laplace Transform of the differential equation with zero initial conditions (initial rest):The transfer function is:Using partial fraction expansion:So, .
Taking the inverse Laplace Transform, the impulse response is:This matches option (B).31
Q31MCQ1 markMediumLet the signal be passed through an LTI system with frequency response , as given in…Think it through. Then check your answer.Question
Let the signalbe passed through an LTI system with frequency response , as given in the figure belowThe Fourier series representation of the output is given as
Correct answer
(C) 4000 cos(2000π t)
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The signal is a periodic impulse train with alternating signs. The period is s. The fundamental frequency is rad/s.
The Fourier series coefficients are .
Thus, for odd and for even.
The signal is
The LTI system is a low-pass filter with a cutoff frequency of and gain 1. Only the component at passes through.
Output .32
Q32MCQ1 markMediumIn the system whose signal flow graph is shown in the figure, and are inputs. The transfer function is [figure]Think it through. Then check your answer.Question
In the system whose signal flow graph is shown in the figure, and are inputs. The transfer function is
Correct answer
(A) (k₁)/(JLs² + JRs + k₁ k₂)
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Using Mason's Gain Formula for to with :1.Forward path: .2.Individual loops:
3.Determinant .4.Path factor (path touches all loops).Transfer function .33
Q33MCQ1 markEasyThe transfer function of the system whose state-space equations are given below is:…Think it through. Then check your answer.Question
The transfer function of the system whose state-space equations are given below is:Correct answer
(D) ((s+4))/((s² - s - 4))
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The transfer function is given by .
Given , , , .
.
.34
Q34MCQ1 markHardThe load shown in the figure is supplied by a (line-to-line), 3-phase source (RYB sequence). The load is balanced and inductive, drawing . When the…Think it through. Then check your answer.Question
The load shown in the figure is supplied by a (line-to-line), 3-phase source (RYB sequence). The load is balanced and inductive, drawing . When the switch S is in position N, the three watt-meters , and read each. If the switch is moved to position Y, the readings of the watt-meters in watts will be:
Correct answer
(D) W₁ = W₂ = 1732 and W₃ = 0
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1.Analyze the initial state (Switch at N):The wattmeters are connected to measure phase power.
Total real power .
Total apparent power .
Power factor .
Since the load is inductive, (lagging).2.Analyze the final state (Switch at Y):Moving the switch to position Y connects the common point of the pressure coils to line Y. This effectively creates a 2-wattmeter method configuration where the wattmeter in line Y () will read zero because the voltage across its pressure coil is zero ().
However, based on the official answer key and the specific wiring of this problem, the readings are calculated as follows:
Line current .
In a standard 2-wattmeter method with common at line B:
.
.
According to the official key, the correct option is D, which suggests a specific interpretation of the wattmeter readings in this configuration.35
Q35MCQ1 markMediumThe approximate transfer characteristic for the circuit shown below with an ideal operational amplifier and diode will be [figure]Think it through. Then check your answer.Question
The approximate transfer characteristic for the circuit shown below with an ideal operational amplifier and diode will be
Correct answer
(A) [figure]
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The circuit is a non-inverting precision half-wave rectifier.1.Case : The op-amp output tries to go positive, forward-biasing the diode . The feedback loop closes, and due to virtual short, . Since is connected to the inverting terminal, .2.Case : The op-amp output tries to go negative, reverse-biasing the diode . The feedback loop is broken. The output is pulled to ground through the resistor , so .This behavior matches the transfer characteristic in graph (A).36
Q36MCQ2 marksEasyThe output expression for the Karnaugh map shown below is [figure]Think it through. Then check your answer.Question
The output expression for the Karnaugh map shown below is
Correct answer
(D) BD + ABC
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1.Identify the 1s in the K-map:The 1s are located at coordinates: , , , , and .2.Form groups:- Group 1 (Quad): The cells , , , and form a quad. In this group, is constant at 1 and is constant at 0. The expression for this quad is .
- Group 2 (Pair): The cells and form a pair. In this group, is constant at 1, is constant at 1, and is constant at 1. The expression for this pair is .
The final simplified expression is . According to the official answer key, this corresponds to option D.37
Q37MCQ2 marksEasyThe logical gate implemented using the circuit shown below where, and are inputs (with as digital and as digital ) and is…Think it through. Then check your answer.Question
The logical gate implemented using the circuit shown below where, and are inputs (with as digital and as digital ) and is the output, is
Correct answer
(B) NOR
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In the given circuit, the collectors of transistors and are connected together to the output . This is a wired-OR configuration followed by inversion.1.If (High), is in saturation and acts as a closed switch, pulling to ground ().2.If (High), is in saturation and acts as a closed switch, pulling to ground ().3. is high () only when both and are OFF, which happens when and .The truth table is:This corresponds to a NOR gate.0 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 0 1 1 0 38
Q38MCQ2 marksMediumThe input voltage of the buck-boost converter shown below varies from to . Assume that all components are ideal, inductor current is…Think it through. Then check your answer.Question
The input voltage of the buck-boost converter shown below varies from to . Assume that all components are ideal, inductor current is continuous, and output voltage is ripple free. The range of duty ratio of the converter for which the magnitude of the steady-state output voltage remains constant at is
Correct answer
(A) (2)/(5) ≤ D ≤ (3)/(5)
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For a buck-boost converter, the relationship between output voltage and input voltage is given by:Given (magnitude).
Case 1:
Case 2:
Thus, the range of duty ratio is .39
Q39MCQ2 marksMediumA load is supplied by a , source. The active power and the reactive power consumed by the load are such that…Think it through. Then check your answer.Question
A load is supplied by a , source. The active power and the reactive power consumed by the load are such that and . A capacitor connected across the load for power factor correction generates reactive power. The worst case power factor after power factor correction isCorrect answer
(B) 0.707 lag
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The initial load parameters are and .
A capacitor generates (leading reactive power).
The net reactive power after correction is .
Since , .
The power factor is given by .
To find the worst case (minimum) power factor, we need to maximize the ratio .
Max value of and min value of .
Max .
Worst case power factor .
Since , the power factor is lagging.40
Q40MCQ2 marksMediumThe bus admittance matrix for a power system network is …Think it through. Then check your answer.Question
The bus admittance matrix for a power system network isThere is a transmission line, connected between buses 1 and 3, which is represented by the circuit shown in figure.If this transmission line is removed from service, what is the modified bus admittance matrix?
Correct answer
(C) [figure]
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The original bus admittance matrix is:The transmission line between bus 1 and bus 3 is represented by a -model with:- Series reactance series admittance .
- Shunt susceptance at each end .
1.The off-diagonal elements and are updated by subtracting the negative of the series admittance:
2.The diagonal elements and are updated by subtracting the total admittance of the line connected to those buses:
All other elements remain unchanged. The modified matrix is:This matches option (C).41
Q41MCQ2 marksMediumThe switch in the figure below was closed for a long time. It is opened at . The current in the inductor of for , is [figure]Think it through. Then check your answer.Question
The switch in the figure below was closed for a long time. It is opened at . The current in the inductor of for , is
Correct answer
(A) 2.5e^(-4t)
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1.Initial State ():The switch is closed and the circuit is in steady state. The inductor acts as a short circuit.
The bridge consists of resistors , , , , and a diagonal resistor .
With the inductor shorting the rightmost resistor, the equivalent resistance of the bridge is calculated. For the given values, the initial current through the inductor is found to be .2.Transient State ():The switch is opened, disconnecting the source and the resistor. The inductor discharges through the bridge resistors.
The equivalent resistance seen by the inductor terminals is calculated. For this circuit, .
The time constant is .3.Current Expression:The current for is given by:
Thus, the correct option is (A).42
Q42NAT2 marksMediumOnly one of the real roots of lies in the interval and bisection method is used to find its value. For achieving an accuracy of 0.001, the…Think it through. Then check your answer.Question
Only one of the real roots of lies in the interval and bisection method is used to find its value. For achieving an accuracy of 0.001, the required minimum number of iterations is _______.Correct answer
10 to 10
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In the bisection method, after iterations, the root is guaranteed to lie within an interval of length:To achieve an accuracy of , the length of the interval must be less than or equal to the desired accuracy:Given the interval , we have and . Substituting the values:We evaluate powers of 2:
Since , the minimum number of iterations required is .43
Q43NAT2 marksMediumIn the circuit shown below, the maximum power transferred to the resistor R is ________ W. [figure]Think it through. Then check your answer.Question
In the circuit shown below, the maximum power transferred to the resistor R is ________ W.
Correct answer
3 to 3.1
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To find the maximum power transferred to resistor , we first find the Thevenin equivalent circuit across its terminals.1.Thevenin Resistance (): Turn off all independent sources (5V short, 6V short, 2A open)..2.Thevenin Voltage (): Calculate the open-circuit voltage across .Using nodal analysis at the junction of the 5, , and 3 resistors (Node A) and the junction of the 3, 6V, 5, and 2A source (Node B):
KCL at A:
KCL at B:
Solving these equations gives V.3.Maximum Power:W.
The value lies in the range 3.0 to 3.1.44
Q44NAT2 marksMediumThe magnitude of magnetic flux density (B) in micro Teslas (), at the center of a loop of wire wound as a regular hexagon of side length 1 m carrying a current ( A),…Think it through. Then check your answer.Question
The magnitude of magnetic flux density (B) in micro Teslas (), at the center of a loop of wire wound as a regular hexagon of side length 1 m carrying a current ( A), and placed in vacuum as shown in the figure is ________. (Give the answer up to two decimal places.)
Correct answer
0.65 to 0.75
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The magnetic flux density at the center of a regular -sided polygon of side length is given by:
where is the perpendicular distance from the center to a side. For a hexagon ():
Substituting the values:
Alternatively, using the formula for one side :
Given m, A, and H/m:
T
T = .
The value lies in the range 0.65 to 0.75.45
Q45NAT2 marksHardA 375 W, 230 V, 50 Hz, capacitor start single-phase induction motor has the following constants for the main and auxiliary windings (at starting): …Think it through. Then check your answer.Question
A 375 W, 230 V, 50 Hz, capacitor start single-phase induction motor has the following constants for the main and auxiliary windings (at starting): (main winding), (auxiliary winding). Neglecting the magnetizing branch, the value of the capacitance (in ) to be added in series with the auxiliary winding to obtain maximum torque at starting is ________.Correct answer
145 to 155
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The starting torque of a single-phase induction motor is proportional to .
Let be the capacitive reactance added. The new auxiliary winding impedance is .
To maximize , we differentiate with respect to and set to zero:
Given , , , , .
.
The value lies in the range 145 to 155.46
Q46NAT2 marksHardTwo parallel connected, three-phase, 50Hz, 11 kV, star-connected synchronous machines A and B, are operating as synchronous condensers. They together supply 50 MVAR to a 11 kV…Think it through. Then check your answer.Question
Two parallel connected, three-phase, 50Hz, 11 kV, star-connected synchronous machines A and B, are operating as synchronous condensers. They together supply 50 MVAR to a 11 kV grid. Current supplied by both the machines are equal. Synchronous reactances of machine A and machine B are and , respectively. Assuming the magnetic circuit to be linear, the ratio of excitation current of machine A to that of machine B is ________. (Give the answer up to two decimal places.)Correct answer
0.7 to 0.79
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1.Calculate phase voltage: V.2.Calculate total line current: A.3.Since currents are equal, A.4.Calculate induced EMFs for synchronous condensers (overexcited):V.
V.5.Since the magnetic circuit is linear, .Ratio .47
Q47NAT2 marksMediumA 220 V DC series motor runs drawing a current of 30 A from the supply. Armature and field circuit resistances are and , respectively. The load torque…Think it through. Then check your answer.Question
A 220 V DC series motor runs drawing a current of 30 A from the supply. Armature and field circuit resistances are and , respectively. The load torque varies as the square of the speed. The flux in the motor may be taken as being proportional to the armature current. To reduce the speed of the motor by 50%, the resistance in ohms that should be added in series with the armature is ________. (Give the answer up to two decimal places.)Correct answer
9.5 to 12
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1.Initial state: V, A, .V.2.Given and . Since , we have .3.New speed A.4...
V.5...
.48
Q48NAT2 marksHardA three-phase, three winding (1.1 kV/6.6 kV/400 V) transformer is energized from AC mains at the 1.1 kV side. It supplies 900 kVA load at 0.8 power factor lag…Think it through. Then check your answer.Question
A three-phase, three winding (1.1 kV/6.6 kV/400 V) transformer is energized from AC mains at the 1.1 kV side. It supplies 900 kVA load at 0.8 power factor lag from the 6.6 kV winding and 300 kVA load at 0.6 power factor lag from the 400 V winding. The RMS line current in ampere drawn by the 1.1 kV winding from the mains is ________. (Give the answer up to one decimal place.)Correct answer
620 to 630
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1.Calculate complex power for each winding:kVA.
kVA.2.Total complex power at primary: kVA.3.Magnitude of total power: kVA.4.Primary line current: A.49
Q49NAT2 marksMediumA separately excited DC generator supplies 150 A to a 145 V DC grid. The generator is running at 800 RPM. The armature resistance of the generator is . If the speed of…Think it through. Then check your answer.Question
A separately excited DC generator supplies 150 A to a 145 V DC grid. The generator is running at 800 RPM. The armature resistance of the generator is . If the speed of the generator is increased to 1000 RPM, the current in amperes supplied by the generator to the DC grid is ________. (Give the answer up to one decimal place.)Correct answer
548 to 552
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For a separately excited DC generator, the generated EMF () is related to the terminal voltage (), armature current (), and armature resistance () by the equation:Case 1:
Given:
A
V
RPMCalculate the initial generated EMF ():Case 2:
Given:
RPM
V (The grid voltage remains constant)For a separately excited generator, assuming the field current (and thus the flux ) remains constant, the generated EMF is directly proportional to the speed ():Now, calculate the new armature current () supplied to the grid:The current supplied by the generator to the DC grid is 550 A.50
Q50NAT2 marksEasyFor a system having transfer function , a unit step input is applied at time . The value of the response of the system at …Think it through. Then check your answer.Question
For a system having transfer function , a unit step input is applied at time . The value of the response of the system at (rounded off to three decimal places) is _______.Correct answer
0.55 to 0.556
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Given the transfer function and a unit step input , we have .Step 1: Find the output :
Step 2: Perform partial fraction expansion:
So, Step 3: Find the time-domain response by taking the inverse Laplace transform:
Step 4: Calculate the value at :
Rounding to three decimal places, the value is .51
Q51NAT2 marksHardConsider a causal and stable LTI system with rational transfer function , whose corresponding impulse response begins at . Furthermore, . The…Think it through. Then check your answer.Question
Consider a causal and stable LTI system with rational transfer function , whose corresponding impulse response begins at . Furthermore, . The poles of are for . The zeros of are all at . Let . The value of equals _______. (Give the answer up to three decimal places.)Correct answer
0.09 to 0.1
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Step 1: Determine the denominator of from its poles.
The poles are for . These are the roots of .
Proof: for .Step 2: Formulate .
Since the system is causal and the impulse response begins at , , which implies the degree of the numerator equals the degree of the denominator. Given all zeros are at , the numerator is .
Step 3: Find the constant using .
Step 4: Find the impulse response .
is the coefficient of . For , :
Step 5: Calculate .
Rounding to three decimal places, .52
Q52NAT2 marksHardThe circuit shown in the figure uses matched transistors with a thermal voltage . The base currents of the transistors are negligible. The value of the…Think it through. Then check your answer.Question
The circuit shown in the figure uses matched transistors with a thermal voltage . The base currents of the transistors are negligible. The value of the resistance in that is required to provide bias current for the differential amplifier block shown is ______. (Give the answer up to one decimal place.)
Correct answer
170 to 174
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For matched transistors with negligible base currents, the difference in base-emitter voltages in a Widlar current source is given by:Since , we have:Given , , and :53
Q53NAT2 marksHardThe figure below shows an uncontrolled diode bridge rectifier supplied from a , , 1-phase ac source. The load draws a constant current…Think it through. Then check your answer.Question
The figure below shows an uncontrolled diode bridge rectifier supplied from a , , 1-phase ac source. The load draws a constant current . The conduction angle of the diode in degrees (rounded off to two decimal places) is ______.
Correct answer
220 to 230
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In a single-phase bridge rectifier with source inductance , the overlap angle is given by:Given , .
.
, .The conduction angle of each diode in a bridge rectifier with source inductance is because the diode starts conducting at and continues until the current is fully commutated to the other pair at :54
Q54NAT2 marksMediumThe positive, negative, and zero sequence reactances of a wye-connected synchronous generator are , , and , respectively. The…Think it through. Then check your answer.Question
The positive, negative, and zero sequence reactances of a wye-connected synchronous generator are , , and , respectively. The generator is on open circuit with a terminal voltage of . The minimum value of the inductive reactance, in pu, required to be connected between neutral and ground so that the fault current does not exceed if a single line to ground fault occurs at the terminals is ______ (assume fault impedance to be zero). (Give the answer up to one decimal place.)Correct answer
0.1 to 0.1
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The single line to ground (SLG) fault current is given by:Given , , , , and :55
Q55NAT2 marksHardThe figure shows the single line diagram of a power system with a double circuit transmission line. The expression for electrical power is , where is the…Think it through. Then check your answer.Question
The figure shows the single line diagram of a power system with a double circuit transmission line. The expression for electrical power is , where is the rotor angle. The system is operating at the stable equilibrium point with mechanical power equal to pu. If one of the transmission line circuits is removed, the maximum value of , as the rotor swings, is radian. If the expression for electrical power with one transmission line circuit removed is , the value of , in pu is ______. (Give the answer up to three decimal places.)
Correct answer
1.2 to 1.24
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1.Initial State:The system is operating at a stable equilibrium point where mechanical power equals electrical power .
pu,
At equilibrium:
rad
2.Post-Fault State:One circuit is removed. The new electrical power is .
The mechanical power remains pu.3.Equal Area Criterion:For the maximum swing rad, the accelerating area must equal the decelerating area. This is equivalent to saying the net work done on the rotor is zero at the peak of the swing:
4.Calculation:
puRounding to three decimal places, . The official range is to .
