The PYQ practice room
GATE CE 2017 Set 2
All 65 solved GATE CE 2017 Set 2 questions in exam order. Open a question, commit to an answer, and learn from the step-by-step solution. One question at a time.
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General Aptitude (GA)
1056
Q56MCQ2 marksEasyThe event would have been successful if you ________ able to come.Think it through. Then check your answer.Question
The event would have been successful if you ________ able to come.Correct answer
(B) had been
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This sentence uses the third conditional structure, which is used to talk about hypothetical situations in the past. The structure is: 'If + past perfect, would have + past participle'. In the given sentence: 'The event would have been successful (result clause) if you had been able to come (if-clause)'. Therefore, 'had been' is the correct grammatical choice.57
Q57MCQ2 marksEasyThere was no doubt that their work was thorough. Which of the words below is closest in meaning to the underlined word above?Think it through. Then check your answer.Question
There was no doubt that their work was thorough.Which of the words below is closest in meaning to the underlined word above?Correct answer
(B) complete
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The word 'thorough' means performed or written with great care and completeness.- 'pretty' means attractive or to a moderately high degree.
- 'complete' means having all the necessary or appropriate parts; entire.
- 'sloppy' means careless and unsystematic (antonym).
- 'haphazard' means lacking any obvious principle of organization (antonym).
58
Q58MCQ2 marksMediumFour cards lie on a table. Each card has a number printed on one side and a colour on the other. The faces visible on the cards are 2, 3, red, and blue. Proposition: If a card has…Think it through. Then check your answer.Question
Four cards lie on a table. Each card has a number printed on one side and a colour on the other. The faces visible on the cards are 2, 3, red, and blue.Proposition: If a card has an even value on one side, then its opposite face is red.The cards which MUST be turned over to verify the above proposition areCorrect answer
(C) 2, blue
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To verify a conditional statement of the form "If , then " (), we must check:1.The case where is true, to ensure is also true (Modus Ponens). Here, is "even value on one side". The card with '2' must be turned over.2.The case where is false, to ensure is also false (Modus Tollens / Contrapositive). Here, is "opposite face is red", so is "not red". The card with 'blue' must be turned over.Turning over '3' (odd) or 'red' (already ) does not help in falsifying the proposition. Thus, cards '2' and 'blue' must be turned over.59
Q59MCQ2 marksEasyWhat is the value of when ?Think it through. Then check your answer.Question
What is the value of when ?Correct answer
(B) -1
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Given equation: Rewrite the terms:
Equating the exponents:60
Q60MCQ2 marksMediumTwo dice are thrown simultaneously. The probability that the product of the numbers appearing on the top faces of the dice is a perfect square isThink it through. Then check your answer.Question
Two dice are thrown simultaneously. The probability that the product of the numbers appearing on the top faces of the dice is a perfect square isCorrect answer
(B) 2/9
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Total outcomes when two dice are thrown = .Favorable outcomes where the product is a perfect square:- Product = 1: (1, 1)
- Product = 4: (1, 4), (4, 1), (2, 2)
- Product = 9: (3, 3)
- Product = 16: (4, 4)
- Product = 25: (5, 5)
- Product = 36: (6, 6)
Probability = .61
Q61MCQ2 marksEasyBhaichung was observing the pattern of people entering and leaving a car service centre. There was a single window where customers were being served. He saw that people inevitably…Think it through. Then check your answer.Question
Bhaichung was observing the pattern of people entering and leaving a car service centre. There was a single window where customers were being served. He saw that people inevitably came out of the centre in the order that they went in. However, the time they spent inside seemed to vary a lot: some people came out in a matter of minutes while for others it took much longer.From this, what can one conclude?Correct answer
(A) The centre operates on a first-come-first-served basis, but with variable service times, depending on specific customer needs.
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The observation that people leave in the same order they entered indicates a First-Come-First-Served (FCFS) or First-In-First-Out (FIFO) system. The variation in time spent inside indicates that service times are not constant but vary based on the specific needs of each customer. Therefore, option (A) is the correct conclusion.62
Q62MCQ2 marksMediumA map shows the elevations of Darjeeling, Gangtok, Kalimpong, Pelling, and Siliguri. Kalimpong is at a lower elevation than Gangtok. Pelling is at a lower elevation than Gangtok.…Think it through. Then check your answer.Question
A map shows the elevations of Darjeeling, Gangtok, Kalimpong, Pelling, and Siliguri. Kalimpong is at a lower elevation than Gangtok. Pelling is at a lower elevation than Gangtok. Pelling is at a higher elevation than Siliguri. Darjeeling is at a higher elevation than Gangtok.Which of the following statements can be inferred from the paragraph above?i. Pelling is at a higher elevation than Kalimpong
ii. Kalimpong is at a lower elevation than Darjeeling
iii. Kalimpong is at a higher elevation than Siliguri
iv. Siliguri is at a lower elevation than GangtokCorrect answer
(C) Only ii and iv
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From the given information, we can establish the following relationships:1.2.3.4.Combining these, we get the chain: . We also know .Evaluating the statements:
i. : Cannot be determined as both are lower than Gangtok.
ii. : True, since and .
iii. : Cannot be determined.
iv. : True, since and .Thus, statements ii and iv are correct, making (C) the right option.63
Q63MCQ2 marksMediumP, Q, R, S, T and U are seated around a circular table. R is seated two places to the right of Q. P is seated three places to the left of R. S is seated opposite U. If P and U now…Think it through. Then check your answer.Question
P, Q, R, S, T and U are seated around a circular table. R is seated two places to the right of Q. P is seated three places to the left of R. S is seated opposite U. If P and U now switch seats, which of the following must necessarily be true?Correct answer
(C) T is immediately to the left of P or P is immediately to the right of Q
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Let the seats be numbered 1 to 6 in counter-clockwise order. Facing the center, 'right' is counter-clockwise and 'left' is clockwise.1.Let be at seat 1.2. is two places to the right of : . is at seat 3.3. is three places to the left of : . is at seat 6.4. is opposite . In a 6-seat circle, opposite pairs are (1,4), (2,5), and (3,6). Since is at 1 and is at 3, and must occupy seats 2 and 5. The remaining seat 4 is occupied by .Initial arrangement: .
Now, and switch seats. There are two cases:
Case 1: was at seat 2. After the switch, is at seat 2 and is at seat 6. The arrangement is . Here, is immediately to the right of .
Case 2: was at seat 5. After the switch, is at seat 5 and is at seat 6. The arrangement is . Here, (at 4) is immediately to the left of (at 5).In both cases, either 'T is immediately to the left of P' or 'P is immediately to the right of Q' is true. Thus, (C) must necessarily be true.64
Q64MCQ2 marksMediumBudhan covers a distance of 19 km in 2 hours by cycling one fourth of the time and walking the rest. The next day he cycles (at the same speed as before) for half the time and…Think it through. Then check your answer.Question
Budhan covers a distance of 19 km in 2 hours by cycling one fourth of the time and walking the rest. The next day he cycles (at the same speed as before) for half the time and walks the rest (at the same speed as before) and covers 26 km in 2 hours. The speed in km/h at which Budhan walks isCorrect answer
(D) 6
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Let be the cycling speed and be the walking speed in km/h.Day 1:
Total time hours.
Cycling time hours.
Walking time hours.
Distance covered: --- (Eq. 1)Day 2:
Cycling time hour.
Walking time hour.
Distance covered: --- (Eq. 2)From Eq. 2, we have . Substituting this into Eq. 1:
km/h.Thus, the walking speed is 6 km/h.65
Q65MCQ2 marksMediumThe points in the graph below represent the halts of a lift for durations of 1 minute, over a period of 1 hour. [figure] Which of the following statements are correct? i. The…Think it through. Then check your answer.Question
The points in the graph below represent the halts of a lift for durations of 1 minute, over a period of 1 hour.Which of the following statements are correct?i. The elevator never moves directly from any non-ground floor to another non-ground floor over the one hour period
ii. The elevator stays on the fourth floor for the longest duration over the one hour periodCorrect answer
(D) Neither i nor ii
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To evaluate the statements, we analyze the provided graph which shows the floor number at different time intervals (halts of 1 minute each).Statement i: "The elevator never moves directly from any non-ground floor to another non-ground floor over the one hour period."
Looking at the graph, at minutes, the elevator is at Floor 2. At minutes, it is at Floor 5. There is no halt at the ground floor (Floor 0) between these two non-ground floor halts. Therefore, the elevator moved directly between two non-ground floors, making statement i incorrect.Statement ii: "The elevator stays on the fourth floor for the longest duration over the one hour period."
We count the number of 1-minute halts for each floor based on the points in the graph:- Floor 0 (Ground Floor): Approximately 25 halts (e.g., at )
- Floor 4: 14 halts (at )
Civil Engineering
551
Q1MCQ1 markEasyConsider the following simultaneous equations (with and being constants): The characteristic equation for these simultaneous…Think it through. Then check your answer.Question
Consider the following simultaneous equations (with and being constants):
The characteristic equation for these simultaneous equations isCorrect answer
(A) λ² - 4 λ - 5 = 0
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The system of equations can be written in matrix form as , where the coefficient matrix is:The characteristic equation is given by :Thus, the correct option is (A).2
Q2MCQ1 markEasyLet , where and are functions of . Then, according to the chain rule, is equal toThink it through. Then check your answer.Question
Let , where and are functions of . Then, according to the chain rule, is equal toCorrect answer
(C) (∂ w)/(∂ x) (dx)/(dt) + (∂ w)/(∂ y) (dy)/(dt)
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According to the multivariable chain rule, if is a function of and , and both and are functions of a single parameter , the total derivative of with respect to is:This corresponds to option (C).3
Q3MCQ1 markEasyGiven that the scope of the construction work is well-defined with all its drawings, specifications, quantities and estimates, which one of the following types of contract would…Think it through. Then check your answer.Question
Given that the scope of the construction work is well-defined with all its drawings, specifications, quantities and estimates, which one of the following types of contract would be most preferred?Correct answer
(D) Lump sum contract
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A Lump Sum contract is most preferred when the project scope is completely defined with finalized drawings, specifications, and quantities. It provides the owner with a fixed total price for the entire project, minimizing financial risk if the scope remains unchanged. Item rate contracts are better suited for projects where quantities are uncertain, and EPC contracts are used when the contractor is also responsible for the design phase.4
Q4MCQ1 markEasyLet be the specific gravity of soil solids, the water content in the soil sample, the unit weight of water, and the dry unit weight of the soil. The…Think it through. Then check your answer.Question
Let be the specific gravity of soil solids, the water content in the soil sample, the unit weight of water, and the dry unit weight of the soil. The equation for the zero air voids line in a compaction test plot isCorrect answer
(A) γ_d = (G γ_w)/(1 + Gw)
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The zero air voids line represents the state where the soil is fully saturated, meaning the degree of saturation . The general relationship for dry unit weight () is:From the phase relationship , for , we have .Substituting into the dry unit weight formula gives the equation for the zero air voids line:This matches option (A).5
Q5MCQ1 markMediumConsider the following statements related to the pore pressure parameters, and : P. always lies between 0 and 1.0 Q. can be less than 0 or greater than 1.0 R. …Think it through. Then check your answer.Question
Consider the following statements related to the pore pressure parameters, and :P. always lies between 0 and 1.0
Q. can be less than 0 or greater than 1.0
R. always lies between 0 and 1.0
S. can be less than 0 or greater than 1.0For these statements, which one of the following options is correct?Correct answer
(C) Q and R
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Skempton's pore pressure parameters and describe the response of pore water pressure to changes in total stress under undrained conditions.1.Parameter : It is defined as the ratio of the change in pore pressure to the change in all-around (cell) pressure. For a fully saturated soil, . For a completely dry soil, . For partially saturated soils, . Thus, always lies between 0 and 1.0. Statement R is correct.2.Parameter : It depends on the soil's stress history and the strain level. For normally consolidated clays, is typically between 0.5 and 1.0. However, for heavily overconsolidated clays, can be negative due to the tendency of the soil to dilate. For very loose sands, can be greater than 1.0. Thus, can be less than 0 or greater than 1.0. Statement Q is correct.Since Q and R are correct, the correct option is (C).6
Q6MCQ2 marksMediumConsider a rigid retaining wall with partially submerged cohesionless backfill with a surcharge. Which one of the following diagrams closely represents the Rankine's active earth…Think it through. Then check your answer.Question
Consider a rigid retaining wall with partially submerged cohesionless backfill with a surcharge. Which one of the following diagrams closely represents the Rankine's active earth pressure distribution against this wall?- A.

- B.

- C.

- D.

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Correct answer
(MARK TO ALL)
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Rankine's active earth pressure for a cohesionless backfill () with surcharge is given by:1.Above the water table ():The effective vertical stress is . Since there is no pore water pressure (),
At the surface (), . The diagram starts with a non-zero value.2.Below the water table ():The effective vertical stress is . The pore water pressure is .
Slope Analysis:- The slope above the water table is .
- The slope below the water table is .
- A.
7
Q7MCQ2 marksEasyIf a centrifugal pump has an impeller speed of (in rpm), discharge (in ) and the total head (in m), the expression for the specific speed of the pump is…Think it through. Then check your answer.Question
If a centrifugal pump has an impeller speed of (in rpm), discharge (in ) and the total head (in m), the expression for the specific speed of the pump is given byCorrect answer
(C) Nₛ = NQ^(0.5)H^(0.75)
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The specific speed of a pump () is defined as the speed of a geometrically similar pump which would deliver unit discharge (1 ) against a unit head (1 m). The standard formula for the specific speed of a pump is:In the notation provided in the question, this is equivalent to:Thus, option (C) is the correct expression.8
Q8MCQ2 marksEasyAs per Noise Pollution (Regulation and Control) Rules 2000 of India, the day time noise limit for a residential zone, expressed in dB(A) , isThink it through. Then check your answer.Question
As per Noise Pollution (Regulation and Control) Rules 2000 of India, the day time noise limit for a residential zone, expressed in dB(A) , isCorrect answer
(A) 55
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According to the Noise Pollution (Regulation and Control) Rules, 2000, the ambient air quality standards in respect of noise for different areas/zones are specified as follows:Note: Day time is reckoned from 6:00 AM to 10:00 PM. For a residential zone, the day time limit is 55 dB(A) .Category of Area/Zone Day Time Limit (dB(A) ) Night Time Limit (dB(A) ) Industrial area 75 70 Commercial area 65 55 Residential area 55 45 Silence Zone 50 40 9
Q9MCQ2 marksMediumFollowing observations have been made for the elevation and temperature to ascertain the stability of the atmosphere: | Elevation (in m) | Temperature (in C) | | :--- |…Think it through. Then check your answer.Question
Following observations have been made for the elevation and temperature to ascertain the stability of the atmosphere:The atmosphere is classified asElevation (in m) Temperature (in C) 10 15.5 60 15.0 130 14.3 Correct answer
(B) Unstable
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To classify the stability of the atmosphere, we calculate the Environmental Lapse Rate (ELR) and compare it with the Dry Adiabatic Lapse Rate (DALR).1.Calculate ELR:The lapse rate is defined as the rate of decrease of temperature with height: .- Between 10 m and 60 m:
- Between 60 m and 130 m:
The observed ELR is .2.Compare with DALR:The standard Dry Adiabatic Lapse Rate (DALR) is approximately .3.Classification:- Since (), the atmosphere is super-adiabatic.
- In a super-adiabatic environment, a parcel of air that is displaced upwards will continue to rise because it remains warmer (and thus less dense) than the surrounding air. This condition is defined as Unstable.
10
Q10MCQ2 marksEasyThe most important type of species involved in the degradation of organic matter in the case of activated sludge process isThink it through. Then check your answer.Question
The most important type of species involved in the degradation of organic matter in the case of activated sludge process isCorrect answer
(B) heterotrophs
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In the activated sludge process, the primary organisms responsible for the degradation of organic matter (BOD removal) are heterotrophic bacteria. These bacteria utilize organic carbon as both their energy and carbon source. While autotrophs (such as nitrifying bacteria) are present, they are primarily involved in the oxidation of nitrogenous compounds rather than the bulk degradation of organic matter.11
Q11MCQ1 markEasyFor a broad gauge railway track on a horizontal curve of radius (in m), the equilibrium cant required for a train moving at a speed of (in km per hour) isThink it through. Then check your answer.Question
For a broad gauge railway track on a horizontal curve of radius (in m), the equilibrium cant required for a train moving at a speed of (in km per hour) isCorrect answer
(B) e = 1.315 (V²)/(R)
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The formula for equilibrium cant is given by , where is the gauge width, is the speed in km/h, and is the radius in meters. For a Broad Gauge (BG) track, m.
Substituting the value: (in meters).
To express in centimeters: .
The standard value adopted in Indian Railways practice is .12
Q12MCQ1 markMediumThe safety within a roundabout and the efficiency of a roundabout can be increased, respectively, byThink it through. Then check your answer.Question
The safety within a roundabout and the efficiency of a roundabout can be increased, respectively, byCorrect answer
(C) decreasing the entry radius and increasing the exit radius
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Safety in a roundabout is primarily enhanced by reducing the speed of entering vehicles, which is achieved by decreasing the entry radius (forcing a sharper turn). Efficiency is enhanced by allowing vehicles to clear the intersection quickly, which is facilitated by increasing the exit radius to allow for a smoother and faster departure.13
Q13MCQ1 markEasyThe method of orientation used, when the plane table occupies a position not yet located on the map, is called asThink it through. Then check your answer.Question
The method of orientation used, when the plane table occupies a position not yet located on the map, is called asCorrect answer
(D) resection
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Resection is the method of orientation used when the plane table occupies a position not yet located on the map. It involves drawing rays from known points to the unknown point to determine its location and orient the table.14
Q14MCQ1 markMediumConsider the frame shown in the figure: [figure] If the axial and shear deformations in different members of the frame are assumed to be negligible, the reduction in the degree of…Think it through. Then check your answer.Question
Consider the frame shown in the figure:If the axial and shear deformations in different members of the frame are assumed to be negligible, the reduction in the degree of kinematical indeterminacy would be equal to
Correct answer
(B) 6
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The degree of kinematic indeterminacy () is reduced by the number of constraints. When axial deformations are negligible, each member is considered inextensible, providing one constraint equation per member. In the given two-story, single-bay frame, there are 6 members (2 horizontal beams and 4 vertical column segments). Negligible shear deformation is a standard assumption in Euler-Bernoulli beam theory and does not further reduce the nodal degrees of freedom. Therefore, the reduction in is equal to the number of inextensible members, which is 6.15
Q15MCQ1 markMediumLet the characteristic strength be defined as that value, below which not more than 50% of the results are expected to fall. Assuming a standard deviation of 4 MPa, the target…Think it through. Then check your answer.Question
Let the characteristic strength be defined as that value, below which not more than 50% of the results are expected to fall. Assuming a standard deviation of 4 MPa, the target mean strength (in MPa) to be considered in the mix design of a M25 concrete would beCorrect answer
(C) 25.00
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The standard definition of characteristic strength () is the value below which not more than 5% of results fall, given by . However, the question redefines characteristic strength as the value below which not more than 50% of results fall. In a normal distribution, the 50% probability level corresponds exactly to the mean (). Therefore, under this new definition, . For a M25 concrete, where the characteristic strength is 25 MPa, the target mean strength is also 25 MPa.16
Q16MCQ1 markMediumIn a material under a state of plane strain, a mm square centered at a point gets deformed as shown in the figure. [figure] If the shear strain at…Think it through. Then check your answer.Question
In a material under a state of plane strain, a mm square centered at a point gets deformed as shown in the figure.If the shear strain at this point is expressed as (in rad), the value of is
- A.0.50
- B.0.25
- C.-0.25
- D.-0.50
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Correct answer
(A;D)
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Shear strain is defined as the change in the angle between two initially perpendicular lines (the and axes). From the figure, the final angle between the axes is rad.
The shear strain is calculated as:Given that , we equate the values:Note: Due to potential ambiguities in the figure's labeling (specifically the mm displacement), the official GATE answer key accepted both options (A) and (D).- A.
17
Q17MCQ1 markEasyThe plate load test was conducted on a clayey strata by using a plate of dimensions, and the ultimate load per unit area for the plate was found…Think it through. Then check your answer.Question
The plate load test was conducted on a clayey strata by using a plate of dimensions, and the ultimate load per unit area for the plate was found to be . The ultimate bearing capacity (in kPa) of a wide square footing would beCorrect answer
(B) 180
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For purely cohesive soils (clays), the ultimate bearing capacity is given by Terzaghi's equation as:For (pure clay), the bearing capacity factor . Therefore, the term involving the width of the footing () becomes zero, making the ultimate bearing capacity independent of the width of the footing.Consequently, the ultimate bearing capacity of the wide footing is identical to that of the plate:18
Q18NAT1 markMediumFor a construction project, the mean and standard deviation of the completion time are 200 days and 6.1 days, respectively. Assume normal distribution and use the value of…Think it through. Then check your answer.Question
For a construction project, the mean and standard deviation of the completion time are 200 days and 6.1 days, respectively. Assume normal distribution and use the value of standard normal deviate for the 95% confidence level. The maximum time required (in days) for the completion of the project would be ______________Correct answer
209 to 219
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For a normal distribution, the maximum time required for a specific confidence level is given by the formula:Where:- (mean) = 200 days
- (standard deviation) = 6.1 days
- (standard normal deviate for 95% confidence) = 1.64
19
Q19NAT1 markEasyThe divergence of the vector field at is ___________Think it through. Then check your answer.Question
The divergence of the vector field at is ___________Correct answer
133.9 to 134.1
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Given the vector field .The divergence of a vector field is defined as:From the given vector field:1.2.3.Thus, the divergence expression is:Evaluating at the point :The divergence of the vector field at the given point is 134.20
Q20NAT1 markEasyA two-faced fair coin has its faces designated as head (H) and tail (T). This coin is tossed three times in succession to record the following outcomes: H, H, H. If the coin is…Think it through. Then check your answer.Question
A two-faced fair coin has its faces designated as head (H) and tail (T). This coin is tossed three times in succession to record the following outcomes: H, H, H. If the coin is tossed one more time, the probability (up to one decimal place) of obtaining H again, given the previous realizations of H, H and H, would be ________________Correct answer
0.5 to 0.5
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The outcome of each toss of a fair coin is an independent event. The probability of obtaining a head (H) on any single toss is , regardless of the outcomes of previous tosses. Therefore, given that the first three tosses resulted in H, H, H, the probability of obtaining H on the fourth toss remains .21
Q21NAT1 markMediumA sheet pile has an embedment depth of in a homogeneous soil stratum. The coefficient of permeability of soil is . Difference in the water…Think it through. Then check your answer.Question
A sheet pile has an embedment depth of in a homogeneous soil stratum. The coefficient of permeability of soil is . Difference in the water levels between the two sides of the sheet pile is . The flow net is constructed with five number of flow lines and eleven number of equipotential lines. The quantity of seepage (in per m, up to one decimal place) under the sheet pile is ________________Correct answer
1.6 to 1.6
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The quantity of seepage per unit length () is calculated using the formula:
Where:- is the coefficient of permeability
- is the head difference
- is the number of flow channels
- is the number of potential drops
Wait, the question asks for seepage in per meter length of the sheet pile.
Convert to :
.22
Q22NAT1 markEasyThe VPI (vertical point of intersection) is away (when measured along the horizontal) from the VPC (vertical point of curvature). If the vertical curve is…Think it through. Then check your answer.Question
The VPI (vertical point of intersection) is away (when measured along the horizontal) from the VPC (vertical point of curvature). If the vertical curve is parabolic, the length of the curve (in meters and measured along the horizontal) is ___________Correct answer
199.99 to 200.01
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For a symmetric parabolic vertical curve, the horizontal distance from the point of vertical curvature (VPC) to the point of vertical intersection (VPI) is exactly half of the total horizontal length of the curve ().Given:
Distance from VPC to VPI = Therefore,23
Q23NAT1 markEasyDuring a storm event in a certain period, the rainfall intensity is and the -index is . The intensity of effective rainfall (in…Think it through. Then check your answer.Question
During a storm event in a certain period, the rainfall intensity is and the -index is . The intensity of effective rainfall (in cm/hour, up to one decimal place) for this period is __________Correct answer
1.9 to 2.1
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The -index is defined as the average rainfall rate above which the rainfall volume equals the runoff volume. It represents the average infiltration rate during the period of rainfall excess.The intensity of effective rainfall (), also known as rainfall excess, is the portion of rainfall that contributes to direct runoff. It is calculated as the rainfall intensity minus the infiltration rate (represented by the -index), provided the rainfall intensity is greater than the -index.Given:- Rainfall intensity,
- -index
24
Q24NAT1 markEasyThe infiltration capacity of a soil follows the Horton's exponential model, . During an experiment, the initial infiltration capacity was observed to be…Think it through. Then check your answer.Question
The infiltration capacity of a soil follows the Horton's exponential model, . During an experiment, the initial infiltration capacity was observed to be . After a long time, the infiltration capacity was reduced to . If the infiltration capacity after was , the value of the decay rate constant, (in , up to two decimal places) is ___________Correct answer
0.98 to 1
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Horton's infiltration model is given by:
Where:
= infiltration capacity at time
= final constant infiltration capacity
= initial infiltration capacity
= decay constantGiven:
At , Substituting the values:
Taking natural logarithm on both sides:
Rounding to two decimal places, .25
Q25NAT1 markEasyWhile aligning a hill road with a ruling gradient of 6%, a horizontal curve of radius 50 m is encountered. The grade compensation (in percentage, up to two decimal places) to be…Think it through. Then check your answer.Question
While aligning a hill road with a ruling gradient of 6%, a horizontal curve of radius 50 m is encountered. The grade compensation (in percentage, up to two decimal places) to be provided for this case would be ___________Correct answer
1.49 to 1.51
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Grade compensation (GC) is provided on horizontal curves in hill roads to reduce the tractive effort required by vehicles. According to IRC standards:1.Grade Compensation, %2.Maximum Grade Compensation, %Given:
Radius () = 50 m
Ruling Gradient = 6%Step 1: Calculate Grade Compensation values.
Step 2: Determine the compensation to be provided.
The grade compensation provided is the minimum of the two calculated values:
Step 3: Check the compensated gradient.
Compensated Gradient = Ruling Gradient - Grade Compensation
Compensated Gradient = According to IRC, the compensated gradient should not be less than 4%. Since , the full compensation of 1.5% can be provided.Final Answer: 1.5026
Q26MCQ1 markEasyThe tangent to the curve represented by is required to have inclination with the -axis. The coordinates of the tangent point would beThink it through. Then check your answer.Question
The tangent to the curve represented by is required to have inclination with the -axis. The coordinates of the tangent point would beCorrect answer
(A) (1, 0)
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Given the curve . The tangent has an inclination of with the -axis, which means the slope .
The slope of the tangent at any point is given by the derivative .
Using the product rule:Setting the slope equal to 1:Now, find the -coordinate by substituting into the original equation:Thus, the coordinates of the tangent point are .27
Q27MCQ1 markEasyConsider the following definite integral: The value of the integral isThink it through. Then check your answer.Question
Consider the following definite integral:The value of the integral isCorrect answer
(A) (π³)/(24)
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To evaluate the integral , we use the method of substitution.Let .
Then, the derivative is .Now, we change the limits of integration:- When , .
- When , .
28
Q28MCQ1 markEasyIf and , is equal toThink it through. Then check your answer.Question
If and , is equal toCorrect answer
(A) bmatrix 38 & 28 \ 32 & 56 bmatrix
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Given matrices are:
and
First, find the transpose of :
Now, perform matrix multiplication :
Thus, the correct option is (A).29
Q29MCQ1 markMediumConsider the following second-order differential equation: The particular solution of the differential equation isThink it through. Then check your answer.Question
Consider the following second-order differential equation:The particular solution of the differential equation isCorrect answer
(A) -2 - 2t - t²
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The given differential equation is .
Since the right-hand side is a polynomial of degree 2, we assume a particular solution of the form:
Then,
Substituting these into the differential equation:
Comparing coefficients of like powers of :
1)
2)
3)
So, the particular solution is:
This matches option (A).30
Q30MCQ1 markEasyGroup I gives a list of test methods and test apparatus for evaluating some of the properties of Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC) and concrete. Group II gives the list of these…Think it through. Then check your answer.Question
Group I gives a list of test methods and test apparatus for evaluating some of the properties of Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC) and concrete. Group II gives the list of these properties.The correct match of the items in Group I with the items in Group II isGroup I Group II P. Le Chatelier test 1. Soundness of OPC Q. Vee-Bee test 2. Consistency and setting time of OPC R. Blaine air permeability test 3. Consistency or workability of concrete S. The Vicat apparatus 4. Fineness of OPC Correct answer
(A) P-1, Q-3, R-4, S-2
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The correct matches are:- P. Le Chatelier test: Used to determine the Soundness of OPC (expansion due to free lime). (P-1)
- Q. Vee-Bee test: A laboratory test used to measure the Consistency or workability of concrete. (Q-3)
- R. Blaine air permeability test: Used to determine the specific surface area, which is a measure of the Fineness of OPC. (R-4)
- S. The Vicat apparatus: Used to find the standard Consistency and setting time of OPC. (S-2)
31
Q31MCQ1 markEasyTwo prismatic beams having the same flexural rigidity of are shown in the figures. [figure] If the mid-span deflections of these beams are denoted by…Think it through. Then check your answer.Question
Two prismatic beams having the same flexural rigidity of are shown in the figures.If the mid-span deflections of these beams are denoted by and (as indicated in the figures), the correct option is
Correct answer
(A) δ₁ = δ₂
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For Beam 1 (Simply supported with UDL):Given , ,
For Beam 2 (Simply supported with central point load):Given , ,
Thus, .32
Q32MCQ1 markEasyConsider the three prismatic beams with the clamped supports , , and as shown in the figures. [figure] Given that the modulus of elasticity, is…Think it through. Then check your answer.Question
Consider the three prismatic beams with the clamped supports , , and as shown in the figures.Given that the modulus of elasticity, is ; and the moment of inertia, is , the correct comparison of the magnitudes of the shear force and the bending moment developed at the supports is
Correct answer
(C) S_P < S_Q S_R; M_P = M_Q = M_R
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Calculate Shear Force () and Bending Moment () at the support for each beam:Beam P:
Beam Q:
Beam R:
(only a concentrated moment is applied)
Comparison:
Shear forces: . This satisfies .
Bending moments: .Therefore, option (C) is correct.33
Q33MCQ1 markMediumConsider the following statements: P. Walls of one brick thick are measured in square meters. Q. Walls of one brick thick are measured in cubic meters. R. No deduction in the…Think it through. Then check your answer.Question
Consider the following statements:P. Walls of one brick thick are measured in square meters.
Q. Walls of one brick thick are measured in cubic meters.
R. No deduction in the brickwork quantity is made for openings in walls up to area.
S. For the measurement of excavation from the borrow pit in a fairly uniform ground, deadmen are left at suitable intervals.For the above statements, the correct option isCorrect answer
(D) P – True; Q – False; R – True; S – True
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Evaluating the statements based on standard estimation and costing practices (IS 1200):- P & Q: While standard practice often measures walls brick thick in , in many specific contexts (like partition walls or specific PWD codes), one-brick thick walls are measured in . Given the options, if R and S are true, P must be true.
- R: According to IS 1200, no deduction is made for openings up to in area. This is True.
- S: Deadmen (or tell-tales) are indeed left in borrow pits to facilitate the measurement of the depth of excavation. This is True.
34
Q34MCQ1 markMediumTwo identical concrete piles having the plan dimensions are driven into a homogeneous sandy layer as shown in the figures. Consider the bearing…Think it through. Then check your answer.Question
Two identical concrete piles having the plan dimensions are driven into a homogeneous sandy layer as shown in the figures. Consider the bearing capacity factor for as 24.If and represent the ultimate point bearing resistances of the piles under dry and submerged conditions, respectively, which one of the following statements is correct?
Correct answer
(A) Qₚ₁ Qₚ₂ by about 100%
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The ultimate point bearing resistance of a pile in sand is given by .For Case 1 (Dry Sand):
Effective vertical stress at the tip, .
.For Case 2 (Saturated Sand):
Effective vertical stress at the tip, .
.Comparison:
Ratio .
This means is approximately twice , or is greater than by about 100%.Thus, option (A) is correct.35
Q35MCQ1 markMediumFollowing are the statements related to the stress paths in a triaxial testing of soils: P. If , the stress point lies at the origin of the plot. Q. If…Think it through. Then check your answer.Question
Following are the statements related to the stress paths in a triaxial testing of soils:P. If , the stress point lies at the origin of the plot.
Q. If , the stress point lies on the -axis of the plot.
R. If , both the stress points and are positive.For the above statements, the correct combination isCorrect answer
(A) P - False; Q - True; R - True
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In a plot for triaxial testing, the coordinates are defined as:
and .Statement P: If , then and . The stress point is . This is the origin only if . In general, it is not the origin. So, P is False.Statement Q: If , then . Any point with lies on the horizontal -axis. So, Q is True.Statement R: If , then . Assuming compressive stresses are positive (standard in soil mechanics), . Thus, both and are positive. So, R is True.The correct combination is P - False; Q - True; R - True.36
Q36MCQ2 marksMediumTwo cars P and Q are moving in a racing track continuously for two hours. Assume that no other vehicles are using the track during this time. The expressions relating the distance…Think it through. Then check your answer.Question
Two cars P and Q are moving in a racing track continuously for two hours. Assume that no other vehicles are using the track during this time. The expressions relating the distance travelled (in km) and time (in hour) for both the vehicles are given asP:
Q: Within the first one hour, the maximum space headway would beCorrect answer
(A) 15 km at 30 minutes
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Space headway is the distance between the two cars at any time .
.For the first hour (), , so we can write:
To find the maximum space headway, we differentiate with respect to and set it to zero:
hours.Converting time to minutes:
minutes.Calculating the maximum space headway at :
km.Therefore, the maximum space headway is 15 km at 30 minutes.37
Q37MCQ2 marksMediumFor the construction of a highway, a cut is to be made as shown in the figure. [figure] The soil exhibits , , and the undrained shear…Think it through. Then check your answer.Question
For the construction of a highway, a cut is to be made as shown in the figure.The soil exhibits , , and the undrained shear strength . The unit weight of water is . The unit weights of the soil above and below the ground water table are and , respectively. If the shear stress at Point is , the factors of safety against the shear failure at this point, considering the undrained and drained conditions, respectively, would be
Correct answer
(A) 1.6 and 0.9
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The factor of safety () is the ratio of shear strength to shear stress.1. Undrained Condition:
In undrained condition, the shear strength is the undrained shear strength .2. Drained Condition:
In drained condition, the shear strength is .
From the figure, Point is at a depth of from the ground surface. The water table is below the ground surface.
Total vertical stress at , .
Pore water pressure at , .
Effective vertical stress at , .
Shear strength, .Thus, the factors of safety are and .38
Q38NAT2 marksMediumTwo towers, A and B, standing vertically on a horizontal ground, appear in a vertical aerial photograph as shown in the figure. [figure] The length of the image of the tower A on…Think it through. Then check your answer.Question
Two towers, A and B, standing vertically on a horizontal ground, appear in a vertical aerial photograph as shown in the figure.The length of the image of the tower A on the photograph is 1.5 cm and of the tower B is 2.0 cm. The distance of the top of the tower A (as shown by the arrowhead) is 4.0 cm and the distance of the top of the tower B is 6.0 cm, as measured from the principal point of the photograph. If the height of the tower B is 80 m, the height (in meters) of the tower A is
Correct answer
89 to 91
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Relief displacement is given by the formula , where is the distance of the top of the object from the principal point, is the height of the object, and is the flying height above the ground.For tower B:
cm
cm
m
mFor tower A:
cm
cm
m.The height of tower A is 90 m.39
Q39NAT2 marksMediumA hollow circular shaft has an outer diameter of 100 mm and inner diameter of 50 mm. If the allowable shear stress is 125 MPa, the maximum torque (in kN-m) that the shaft can…Think it through. Then check your answer.Question
A hollow circular shaft has an outer diameter of 100 mm and inner diameter of 50 mm. If the allowable shear stress is 125 MPa, the maximum torque (in kN-m) that the shaft can resist isCorrect answer
20 to 25
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The maximum torque that a hollow circular shaft can resist is given by the torsion formula:Where:
is the polar moment of inertia:
mm (outer diameter)
mm (inner diameter)
MPa (allowable shear stress)
mm (outer radius)Calculating :
mmCalculating :
N-mm
kN-m.The maximum torque is approximately 23.01 kN-m.40
Q40NAT2 marksMediumA simply supported rectangular concrete beam of span has to be prestressed with a force of . The tendon is of parabolic profile having zero…Think it through. Then check your answer.Question
A simply supported rectangular concrete beam of span has to be prestressed with a force of . The tendon is of parabolic profile having zero eccentricity at the supports. The beam has to carry an external uniformly distributed load of intensity . Neglecting the self-weight of the beam, the maximum dip (in meters, up to two decimal places) of the tendon at the mid-span to balance the external load should be __________Correct answer
0.14 to 0.16
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According to the load balancing concept in prestressed concrete, a parabolic tendon with a dip and prestressing force over a span exerts an equivalent upward uniformly distributed load given by:To balance the external uniformly distributed load , we equate the two:Substituting the given values (, ):Thus, the maximum dip required at the mid-span is .41
Q41NAT2 marksMediumTwo plates of thickness each are connected by a fillet weld of thickness as shown in the figure. [figure] The permissible stresses in the plate and the…Think it through. Then check your answer.Question
Two plates of thickness each are connected by a fillet weld of thickness as shown in the figure.The permissible stresses in the plate and the weld are and , respectively. Assuming the length of the weld shown in the figure to be the effective length, the permissible load (in kN) is __________
Correct answer
59 to 61
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The permissible load is the minimum of the tensile strength of the plate and the shear strength of the fillet weld.1.Strength of the smaller plate:Width , thickness .
Permissible tensile stress .
.2.Strength of the fillet weld:Weld size . Throat thickness .
The weld is provided on three sides: two longitudinal lengths of and one transverse length of .
Effective length .
Permissible shear stress .
.Comparing the two, the permissible load is the lower value:
.42
Q42NAT2 marksHardConsider the portal frame shown in the figure and assume the modulus of elasticity, and the moment of inertia, for…Think it through. Then check your answer.Question
Consider the portal frame shown in the figure and assume the modulus of elasticity, and the moment of inertia, for all the members of the frame.The rotation (in degrees, up to one decimal place) at the rigid joint would be __________
Correct answer
0.9 to 1.1
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First, calculate the flexural rigidity in consistent units (kN and m):
The moment at joint is caused by the loads on the cantilever segment :
Joint is connected to members and , both of which are fixed at their far ends ( and ) and have lengths of .
The rotational stiffness of a member fixed at the far end is .
Total stiffness at joint : The rotation in radians is:
Convert radians to degrees:
Rounding to one decimal place, the rotation is .43
Q43NAT2 marksMediumA long, axially loaded mild steel rod of diameter exhibits the load-displacement (-) behavior as shown in the figure. [figure] Assume the…Think it through. Then check your answer.Question
A long, axially loaded mild steel rod of diameter exhibits the load-displacement (-) behavior as shown in the figure.Assume the yield stress of steel as . The complementary strain energy (in N-mm) stored in the bar up to its linear elastic behavior will be ____________
Answer checking is unavailable for this question. You can review the published solution without a score.
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1.Calculate the cross-sectional area of the rod ():The diameter .
.2.Calculate the yield load ():Given yield stress .
.
(Note: The graph label '(kN)' appears to be a typo for '(N)' given the axis values and material properties).3.Determine the displacement at yield ():From the given graph, the linear elastic behavior ends at a displacement .
Verification: , which is standard for steel.4.Calculate the complementary strain energy ():For linear elastic behavior, the complementary strain energy is equal to the strain energy, which is the area under the - curve.
.Rounding to the nearest integer, we get .44
Q44NAT2 marksMediumConsider a square-shaped area ABCD on the ground with its centre at M as shown in the figure. Four concentrated vertical loads of kN are applied on this area, one at…Think it through. Then check your answer.Question
Consider a square-shaped area ABCD on the ground with its centre at M as shown in the figure. Four concentrated vertical loads of kN are applied on this area, one at each corner.The vertical stress increment (in kPa, up to one decimal place) due to these loads according to Boussinesq's equation, at a point 5 m right below M, is ___________
Correct answer
187 to 192
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According to Boussinesq's equation, the vertical stress increment at a depth and radial distance from a point load is given by:Given:- Load at each corner, kN
- Depth, m
- Side of the square area, m
- The point is directly below the center . The radial distance from any corner to the center is half the diagonal of the square:
45
Q45NAT2 marksMediumThe figure shows a U-tube having a square cross-section filled with mercury (specific gravity ) up to a height of in each…Think it through. Then check your answer.Question
The figure shows a U-tube having a square cross-section filled with mercury (specific gravity ) up to a height of in each limb (open to the atmosphere).If of water is added to the right limb, the new height (in cm, up to two decimal places) of mercury in the LEFT limb will be ____________
Correct answer
20.7 to 20.76
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1.Calculate the cross-sectional area () and water column height ():.
Volume of water added .
Height of water column .2.Determine the shift in mercury levels ():Let the mercury level in the right limb drop by and rise in the left limb by .
Equating pressures at the new mercury-water interface level in the right limb:
Pressure in right limb at interface
Pressure in left limb at same level
.3.Calculate the new height in the left limb:New height .Rounding to two decimal places, we get .46
Q46NAT2 marksHardA 1 m wide rectangular channel carries a discharge of . The specific energy-depth diagram is prepared for the channel. It is observed in this diagram that…Think it through. Then check your answer.Question
A 1 m wide rectangular channel carries a discharge of . The specific energy-depth diagram is prepared for the channel. It is observed in this diagram that corresponding to a particular specific energy, the subcritical depth is twice the supercritical depth. The subcritical depth (in meters, up to two decimal places) is equal to _______________Correct answer
1.06 to 1.08
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Given:
Width of channel,
Discharge,
Discharge per unit width, Specific energy is given by:
For the same specific energy, let be the supercritical depth and be the subcritical depth. Given .
Subcritical depth, .
Rounding to two decimal places, we get .47
Q47NAT2 marksMediumA catchment is idealized as a square. It has five rain gauges, one at each corner and one at the center, as shown in the figure. [figure] During…Think it through. Then check your answer.Question
A catchment is idealized as a square. It has five rain gauges, one at each corner and one at the center, as shown in the figure.During a month, the precipitation at these gauges is measured as , , , and . The average precipitation (in mm, up to one decimal place) over the catchment during this month by using the Thiessen polygon method is _______________
Correct answer
286.9 to 287.9
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In a square catchment with gauges at four corners and one at the center, the Thiessen polygon for the center gauge () covers exactly half of the total area (). The remaining area is divided equally among the four corner gauges ().Average precipitation using Thiessen polygon method:
Rounding to one decimal place, we get .48
Q48NAT2 marksMediumThe culturable command area of a canal is . The area grows only two crops—rice in the Kharif season and wheat in the Rabi season. The design discharge of the…Think it through. Then check your answer.Question
The culturable command area of a canal is . The area grows only two crops—rice in the Kharif season and wheat in the Rabi season. The design discharge of the canal is based on the rice requirements, which has an irrigated area of , base period of and delta of . The maximum permissible irrigated area (in ha) for wheat, with a base period of and delta of , is _______________Correct answer
5150 to 5250
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Duty is given by , where is base period in days and is delta in meters.For Rice:
Discharge required for rice, This is the design discharge of the canal.For Wheat:
Maximum permissible irrigated area for wheat,
Rounding to the nearest integer, we get .49
Q49NAT2 marksMediumWater is pumped at a steady uniform flow rate of through a horizontal smooth circular pipe of diameter. Given that the Reynolds number…Think it through. Then check your answer.Question
Water is pumped at a steady uniform flow rate of through a horizontal smooth circular pipe of diameter. Given that the Reynolds number is and is , the head loss (in meters, up to one decimal place) per km length due to friction would be ___________Correct answer
65 to 69
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1.Identify Flow Regime: Given Reynolds number . Since , the flow is laminar.2.Calculate Velocity ():The flow rate and diameter .
3.Determine Friction Factor ():For laminar flow in a pipe, the friction factor .4.Calculate Head Loss ():Using the Darcy-Weisbach equation for a length :
Final answer is approximately 66.1 m, which falls within the range [65.0, 69.0].50
Q50NAT2 marksMediumThe composition of a municipal solid waste sample is given below: | Component | Percent by Mass | Moisture Content (%) | Energy Content (kJ/kg, on as-discarded basis) |…Think it through. Then check your answer.Question
The composition of a municipal solid waste sample is given below:The difference between the energy content of the waste sample calculated on dry basis and as-discarded basis (in kJ/kg) would be ___________Component Percent by Mass Moisture Content (%) Energy Content (kJ/kg, on as-discarded basis) Food Waste 20 70 2500 Paper 10 4 10000 Cardboard 10 4 8000 Plastics 10 1 14000 Garden Trimmings 40 60 3500 Wood 5 20 14000 Tin Cans 5 2 100 Correct answer
3850 to 3900
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1.Calculate Energy Content on As-Discarded Basis ():
2.Calculate Total Moisture Content ():
3.Calculate Energy Content on Dry Basis ():4.Calculate the Difference:Difference = Final answer is 3870 kJ/kg, which falls within the range [3850, 3900].51
Q51NAT2 marksMediumFor a given water sample, the ratio between and the ultimate BOD is . The value of the reaction rate constant (on base…Think it through. Then check your answer.Question
For a given water sample, the ratio between and the ultimate BOD is . The value of the reaction rate constant (on base ) (in , up to two decimal places) is _______________Correct answer
0.22 to 0.24
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The BOD at any time is given by the formula:
where:
is the ultimate BOD,
is the reaction rate constant (base ),
is the time in days.Given:
Substituting the values into the formula:
Taking natural logarithm on both sides:
Rounding to two decimal places, .52
Q52NAT2 marksEasyA municipal corporation is required to treat of water. It is found that an overflow rate of will produce a satisfactory…Think it through. Then check your answer.Question
A municipal corporation is required to treat of water. It is found that an overflow rate of will produce a satisfactory removal of the discrete suspended particles at a depth of . The diameter (in meters, rounded to the nearest integer) of a circular settling tank designed for the removal of these particles would be __________.Correct answer
8 to 8
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Given:- Flow rate,
- Surface Overflow Rate (SOR),
53
Q53NAT2 marksMediumThe analysis of a water sample produces the following results: | Ion | milligram per milli-equivalent for the ion | Concentration (mg/L) | | :--- | :--- | :--- | |…Think it through. Then check your answer.Question
The analysis of a water sample produces the following results:The total hardness (in mg/L as ) of the water sample is __________.Ion milligram per milli-equivalent for the ion Concentration (mg/L) 20.0 60 12.2 36.6 23.0 92 39.1 78.2 35.5 71 48.0 72 61.0 122 Correct answer
300 to 300
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Total Hardness (TH) is caused by multivalent metallic cations, primarily Calcium () and Magnesium ().1.Calculate milli-equivalents per liter (meq/L) for and :- Equivalent weight of
- .
54
Q54NAT2 marksMediumThe radii of relative stiffness of the rigid pavements P and Q are denoted by and , respectively. The geometric and material properties of the concrete slab and…Think it through. Then check your answer.Question
The radii of relative stiffness of the rigid pavements P and Q are denoted by and , respectively. The geometric and material properties of the concrete slab and underlying soil are given below:The ratio (up to one decimal place) of is __________.Pavement Concrete: Length of Slab Concrete: Breadth of Slab Concrete: Thickness of Slab Concrete: Modulus of Elasticity Concrete: Poisson's Ratio Soil: Subgrade Reaction Modulus P Q Correct answer
1.9 to 2.1
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The radius of relative stiffness () is given by the formula:For Pavement P:For Pavement Q:Therefore, the ratio is:55
Q55NAT2 marksMediumAn observer standing on the deck of a ship just sees the top of a lighthouse. The top of the lighthouse is 40 m above the sea level and the height of the observer's eye is 5 m…Think it through. Then check your answer.Question
An observer standing on the deck of a ship just sees the top of a lighthouse. The top of the lighthouse is 40 m above the sea level and the height of the observer's eye is 5 m above the sea level. The distance (in km, up to one decimal place) of the observer from the lighthouse is ___________Correct answer
32.5 to 33.5
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The distance to the horizon (in km) for a height (in m) considering the combined effect of curvature and refraction is given by the formula:Given:
Height of the observer's eye, m
Height of the lighthouse, mThe total distance between the observer and the lighthouse is the sum of their individual distances to the horizon:Rounding to one decimal place, the distance is 33.0 km.