GATE CE 2022 Set 2 — Question 14
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Structural Engineering → RC Fundamentals & Beams → Singly Reinforced Beams
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Question
Read the following statements relating to flexure of reinforced concrete beams:
I. In over-reinforced sections, the failure strain in concrete reaches earlier than the yield strain in steel.
II. In under-reinforced sections, steel reaches yielding at a load lower than the load at which the concrete reaches failure strain.
III. Over-reinforced beams are recommended in practice as compared to the under-reinforced beams.
IV. In balanced sections, the concrete reaches failure strain earlier than the yield strain in tensile steel.Each of the above statements is either True or False.
Which one of the following combinations is correct?
I. In over-reinforced sections, the failure strain in concrete reaches earlier than the yield strain in steel.
II. In under-reinforced sections, steel reaches yielding at a load lower than the load at which the concrete reaches failure strain.
III. Over-reinforced beams are recommended in practice as compared to the under-reinforced beams.
IV. In balanced sections, the concrete reaches failure strain earlier than the yield strain in tensile steel.Each of the above statements is either True or False.
Which one of the following combinations is correct?
Correct answer
(A) I (True), II (True), III (False), IV (False)
Solution
Let's evaluate each statement:
- Statement I: In over-reinforced sections, the percentage of steel is more than the balanced percentage. Consequently, concrete reaches its ultimate failure strain () before the steel yields. This is True.
- Statement II: In under-reinforced sections, the percentage of steel is less than the balanced percentage. Steel reaches its yield strain before concrete reaches its ultimate failure strain. This is True.
- Statement III: Under-reinforced beams are preferred in practice because they exhibit ductile failure (providing warning), whereas over-reinforced beams fail suddenly (brittle failure). Thus, this statement is False.
- Statement IV: In balanced sections, both concrete reaches its failure strain and steel reaches its yield strain simultaneously. Thus, saying concrete reaches it earlier is False.
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